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Date Tue, 16 Sep 00 1756 +050 Printer Friendly Version


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Searching for Wi-Fi Security Solutions


By Beth Cohen and Debbie Deutsch


At the recent Boston 80.11 Planet Conference and Expo, the aisles and booths were bustling with activity, giving ample proof that Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity, or more properly, wireless networking) has finally come of age. The hardware gear venders � switch, carriers, integrators, chip manufacturers, and antenna � were all there in force, of course. However, the big news was that the show was dominated by vendors addressing network security, with new solutions from the network, software, and hardware perspectives.


Security has long been the Achilles heel of the wireless industry. Set aside the security issues, though, and the case for wireless networking is overwhelmingly compelling � its cheap, easy, and portable. Now that the industry is addressing the problem head-on with new solutions for manageable and acceptable network security, Wi-Fi may well be a choice that enterprises should be considering (or reconsidering).


The Problem


According to an article in the April 6 issue of Barrons, a one-hour cruise in lower Manhattan last March revealed 6 Wi-Fi networks, with two-thirds of them wide open to unauthorized use. And dont think just because you are located in a suburban office park you can escape � this problem is not limited to dense urban areas. Wi-Fi networks in multi-tenant office parks and employees’ residences can easily spill over into adjacent areas inside the same building, or into or across public thoroughfares.


Even more than with traditional hardwired LANs, network security is an essential complement to IEEE 80.11 network connectivity. After all, you are broadcasting your traffic over the air and have no direct control over who is listening or transmitting. Do you really want anyone with some inexpensive equipment and a criminal intent to be hacking your network? You cannot just assume that the PCs on the network are really the ones they claim to be, or that they are acting the way they are supposed to.


There are two major components to the security problem for Wi-Fi. One is assuring the privacy of the data transmitted over the network against eavesdroppers. The other is protecting the network itself against intrusion. Unauthorized PCs may attempt to piggyback on your network, stealing bandwidth that you are paying for. Even worse, unauthorized Access Points can be used to mount a variety of other nastier attacks, including listening to, diverting, or interrupting network traffic.


Because mobility is an essential aspect of Wi-Fi networks, old techniques that rely on stable, hardwired connections between switch ports and hosts (and other systems) are no longer sufficient to assure proper access control. Wi-Fi networks are orders of magnitude more vulnerable to MAC (Media Access Control) address spoofing than wired LANs.


The rising use of Wi-Fi for home networks may raise security concerns for organizations. With the increase in telecommuting and consulting, IT managers need to be alert to the possibility that employees are transmitting sensitive data over unsecured networks. As a result, the employee’s home needs to be at least as secure as his or her office environment.


Wireless Networking Security Solutions


Most industries are dominated by a few innovative players and a large number of copycats who hope to capitalize on technological breakthroughs. Wi-Fi security is no exception; many venders are selling variations on a few basic themes and approaches. One is the need for intrusion detection systems, while another is network management and integration with some type of back-end access control technology, most often RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service).


While the bad news about Wi-Fi is that intruders have greater opportunity to break into the network, the good news is that compared with wireline Ethernet, it is easier and less expensive to observe and collect information about nefarious Wi-Fi network traffic. Instead of having to monitor individual switches and their ports, one need only listen promiscuously to packets as they cross the air.


Real-time monitoring displays for Wi-Fi traffic dotted the show floor at the 80.11 Expo. Packets were analyzed and Wi-Fi hosts and access points were tracked on maps while windows and panes scrolled. As eye-catching or cluttered as the demonstrations might have been, these products addressed the separate problems of real-time detection of intruders and post-incident analysis of traffic.


There was comparatively less discussion of integrating real-time Wi-Fi monitoring with most companies’ installed bases of existing network management systems. Having a monitoring system that is integrated into your existing infrastructure would be infinitely more useful than yet another display for troubleshooting an incident after the fact.


Because the wireless network’s composition and topology is flexible and inconstant, the monitoring equipment’s footprint must adequately cover all of a Wi-Fi network’s potential airspace. Several vendors offered hand-held meters to detect and measure Wi-Fi availability. Typically, these meters would be employed inside a company or used by a systems integrator to troubleshoot or check for adequate network coverage.


However, they can also be put to another more insidious use � drive-by detection of other people’s networks. Most people who are doing it view it as a nerdy idea of a fun sport, but there are those who are practicing intrusion with more criminal motives. According to Special Agent Nenette Day of the FBI Boston Cybercrime Unit, it is not even clear that intrusion over an unprotected wireless network is officially a crime yet.


Page The Ideal, Integrated Security Solution


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Search


Search internet.com


























Essential Wi-Fi Research


Now Available!


80.11 Wireless LAN


Security Usage


Expectations, & Strategies for the Future


More Research











Subscribe Now!


Wi-Fi Planet.coms Daily Newsletter


html text


More Free Newsletters


Wi-Fi Glossary


Find a Wi-Fi Term





Wi-Fi® is a registered certification mark of the Wi-Fi Alliance


internet.com


wireless channel





Wi-Fi Planet


HotSpotList.com


Palm Boulevard


PDAStreet


PocketPCcity


PocketPCWire


PracticallyNetworked.com


Psion Place


RIM Road


ThinkMobile


Ultrawideband Planet


Visor Village


WirelessAdWatch


Events


Research








internet.commerce


Be a Commerce Partner


Software Licenses


Shop For Computers


Compare Prices & Shop


Promote Your Website


Software Store


Biz Magazines-Free


FREE Credit Report


Hackers Secrets


Business Search


Shop Digital Cameras





internet.com


Internet News


Internet Investing


IT


Windows Technology


Linux/Open Source


Developer


Interactive Marketing


xSP Resources


Small Business


Wireless Internet


Downloads


Internet Resources


Internet Lists


International


EarthWeb


Career Resources


Search internet.com


Advertise


Corporate Info


Newsletters


E-mail Offers








• Munich, Germany, September - 0, 00


• San Jose, CA, December - 5, 00


• Baltimore, MD, June 7 - 10, 004


• San Jose, CA, December 6 - , 004








Wi-Fi Planet Marketplace


Primary research


digital home technologies


FIPS 140- Wireless LAN Security Solutions


WLAN Switching


Most like a wired LAN











RELATED ARTICLES


Are Site Surveys Unnecessary?


80.16 A Future Option for Wireless MANs


Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network


Switches Improve WLAN Range and Performance








Try public Wi-Fi internet access. For free. On Sept 5th, discover what public Wi-Fi Internet access can do for you - for free - on One Unwired Day.








Wi-Fi Shopping 101


By Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols


If youre like me, when you go shopping for a Wi-Fi device, either online or at your local electronics superstore, you can find it much too easy to be confused by the wide variety of available access point-type equipment.


Its bad enough that we have to cope with three main kinds of Wi-Fi standards--the .4GHz 80.11b and 80.11g as well as 5GHz 80.11a --but thats just the beginning. You next have to figure out exactly what device you need. And, thats not always an easy job.


The best way to do this is to know exactly what job you want your new Wi-Fi device to fill in your home or office.


Basic Home Internet Sharing


Many people just want to share a home broadband connection with everyone in the household. The best device for that is a wireless router (that is, a cable modem/DSL router with an access point built in). Typically, youll attach this device between your broadband modem and your main PC. Examples of these routers include the Buffalo AirStation 54Mbps Broadband Router AP, the Netgear Cable/DSL Wireless Router 54 Mbps/.4 GHz and the Belkin 80.11g Wireless DSL/Cable Gateway Router. All of the above support 80.11g.


These routers usually come with four wired Ethernet ports and an additional Ethernet port for your cable or DSL modem. For normal home installation though, youll only need the broadband socket and one of the other ports for your main PC.


You can expect to pay about $10 for a basic Wi-Fi router. If you want more, say support for both 80.11a and 80.11g, the price will jump up to about $00. You can expect prices to drop, though, for these, and indeed all Wi-Fi equipment in the coming months as Intel Centrino and other chips, plus more chipmakers from around the world, price pressure on all Wi-Fi equipment makers.


SOHO LANs and Internet Sharing


If you have a small office/home office (SOHO), a broadband Wi-Fi router may still be all you need. But, if your office is spread too far for a single router to do the job, youll want to look into true access points and access point/print server combinations.


An access point does just what it name says its an access point for Wi-Fi equipped PCs and access pointtops. Unlike a wireless router, though, it doesnt serve as a gateway to the Internet. That doesnt mean you couldnt use an access point as your sole Wi-Fi device. But to go online does youd need to use either a separate router, or run a program such as Windows built-in Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) to serve as a router so that every computer on your network can reach the Internet. This, as you would guess, is more complicated and isnt recommended for network novices.


If you deploy an access point with already existing Wi-Fi devices, you must also be sure to set the Wi-Fi channels so that they dont overlap. Usually, this means that they need to be at least four channels apart. For example, with 80.11b and 11g you should use channels 1, 6 and 11. Otherwise youll find your network having more than its share of odd connection problems. For more on avoiding coverage problems see Are Site Surveys Necessary?


If you have a remote printer, you can also use a combination access point/print server to spread coverage and let users access one or more printers at the same time. Typically, in a large network environment, youd have dedicated print servers for this job, but if some of your printers and main office are removed from each other access point/printer servers make sense for small offices.


Middle Sized Offices and Beyond


What if your office extends to two or more floors of a building? The best way to handle this is probably to lay cable between a switch or a router to two or more access points. But, you can find devices called bridges to connect between floors.


Wi-Fi bridges, like the Linksys WET11 Wireless Ethernet Bridge, do exactly what the name say says. They allow wireless traffic to bridge across a distance. Some access points can go into bridge mode (like Buffalos router) but not all bridges provide access point services.


Cheap Wi-Fi bridges do point-to-point connections -- think of it as a wireless cable. So, for example, the WET11 would let you connect the third floor offices with the forth floors server room. But, if you want to connect more than one access point to a single bridge, you need one that can handle point-to-multipoint connections like the D-Link AirPremier DWL-1750 Outdoor .4GHz Wireless Bridge Router.


If you want one box to both span distances and work as an access point what you usually want is a repeater. These can also go by such names as signal amplifiers, boosters or kickers.


Repeaters like the D-Link AirPlus DWL-800AP+ Enhanced .4GHz Wireless Range Extender repeats a signal it receives from either an access point or from an Ethernet cable. What you end up with is much broader coverage from what access pointpears to be a single access point.


Repeaters tend to be extremely touchy with what equipment theyll work with --D-Links only works with other D-Link products -- so I strongly recommend that you only use them with the recommended equipment from the same vendor.


Of course, simply using the right antenna can also help these problems. For more on that see Antennas The Key to Maximizing RF Coverage.


Beyond 80.11


With the right antennas, you can even span miles with 80.11b. But, for most of us, once you move to hundreds of yards instead of feet, youll want to look to other technologies instead of 80.11 for your connectivity.


Still, with the right mix of devices, theres no reason you cant cover a small campus or a good-sized building with Wi-Fi coverage. It may not always be the best solution, and theres a lot to be said for Fast Ethernet 100Mbps speeds, but if youre in a situation where Wi-Fis comparatively low speeds are sufficient or pulling cable is prohibitively expensive, than Wi-Fi is an inexpensive and efficient way to go.


Too Many DHCP Servers


Far too many Wi-Fi access point devices come with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) (define) servers installed and running by default. For home or SOHO users, thats a blessing. For everyone else, its a curse.


On medium sized or larger networks, you almost certainly already have a DHCP server providing IP addresses. While in theory some such servers, such as Windows 000 Server and Windows Server 00, can automatically shut down or close off other non-authorized DHCP servers, in practice they usually dont.


So, what happens then is your DHCP enabled Wi-Fi access point in the office on the outside building can start fouling up valid IP address assignments. The puzzled PCs default to a private IP address in the 16.x.x.x range without any valid gateway or DNS addresses. For most practical purposes, this knocks these PCs off the network. This is not good.


Prevention is the best cure. Anytime you install a Wi-Fi ACCESS POINT of any sort on a network that already has DHCP working, check, and then double check, that its internal DHCP is turned off. If you dont, I can almost guarantee you that youll face unexplained PC network failures across both the Wi-Fi and wired network.





August 1, 00


RELATED ARTICLES


Are Site Surveys Unnecessary?


80.16 A Future Option for Wireless MANs


Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network


Switches Improve WLAN Range and Performance








Jupitermedia is publisher of the internet.com and EarthWeb.com networks.


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Copyright 00 Jupitermedia Corporation All Rights Reserved.


Legal Notices, Licensing, Reprints, & Permissions, Privacy Policy.










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