We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Roman art even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Roman art in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
Roman Art
The Emperors and Customs of Roman Art
Art is everywhere, even if we do not realize that. The way we dress, where we live, and what we believe are all influenced by our surrounding. Romans were collectors and admirers of Greek art. The art from Greece was brought to Rome, and changed by the Romans. Roman art is divided into four major categories that are; “portrait sculptures, paintings and mosaics, relief sculptures, and statues” (Art and Text in Roman Culture 17). In the two pieces described bellow two of this characteristics are (relief sculpture and statues) used to represent and remember their emperors and Gods.
Sculptures were one form of art in which the Romans used to describe their emperors and Gods. Many statues of people were made into an ideal form, although some represented a persons characteristics or a moment of their life. Roman culture had many successful emperors. The five most famous were Nerva, Hadrian, Trajan, Marcus Aurelius, and Antoninus Pius. Those five emperors gave Rome an era of great stability. Marcus Aurelius was a successful military commander, but not all the emperors were seen as “good emperors”. Unfortunately, he was succeeded as emperor by his son Commodus, who within in only twelve years destroyed the government his
predecessors had so carefully built. Commodus was a man “lacking political skill, administrative competence, and intellectual characteristic” (Commodus, an emperor at the crossroads 16) and were those characteristics that brought the empire of Rome down in such a short period of time. Commodus dedicated himself “to luxury and frivolous pursuits” (Art History Book). The sculpture from the book of “Commodus as Hercules,” is a reflection from his character. The sculptor’s perceptive “model and expert drill work exploit the play of light and shadow on the figure and bring out the textures of the hair, beard, facial features, and drapery” (Art History Book). The sculpture expresses the fantasy of life and movement, but it also captures its subject’s flaw.
The sculpture of “Commodus as Hercules” was made of marble and height 46 1/. This emperor was considered to be insane and he even believed to be the reincarnation of Gods such as Hercules and the incarnation of the God Jupiter. He even got to the point where he ordered the months of the Roman year to be renamed after him and changed the name of Rome to Colonia Commodiana. In the sculpture the emperor is portrayed as Hercules, decorated with references to the hero’s “his club, the skin and head of the Nemean Lion, and the golden apples from the garden of the Hesperides” (Commodus, an emperor at the crossroads 14).
The emperors and Gods were also represented in other ways and change through out the time. During this period of time their funerary practices changed from cremation, to using sarcophagus. Like the Etruscans, the early Romans generally cremated their dead, and they placed the ashes in special cinerary urns or vases. It was around 100 AD that cremation was replaced by inhumation as the standard burial
custom in the Roman Empire (A Roman Life 57). Although they had already existed elsewhere for centuries, marble sarcophagi decorated with bas-relief became a
characteristic Roman art form. Sarcophagi from the western empire, and more specifically from Rome, were carved on three sides, the fourth sides were carved. Most sarcophagi used relief sculptures which were “carved into large pieces of stone, and used to decorate pediments, cella walls of temples, and the interior and exterior of various buildings” (The Roman Empire 115). There are two types of relief sculptures. One is a pictorial frieze, which is “an unbroken representation of one or more mythological or historical events. The other is an image, consists of a self-contained representation of an act, an occurrence, or event relating to the deeds of military figures” (The Roman Empire 1).
Because Rome was heavily influenced by Greek culture, characters and situations from Greek mythology were common subjects on sarcophagi. Portrayed on one sarcophagus is the myth of “the Return of the Body of Meleager to Kalydon” and uses a pictorial frieze kind of relief. This sarcophagus, a coffin carved, was made to hold the body of a wealthy Roman.
According to the myth, the sarcophagus relates a famous story about the death of the young prince, Meleager. At his birth the Fates decreed that Meleager would live only as long as a log in the fire remained intact. After hearing this, his mother Althaea, rescued the log from the fire. Meleager grew up and became a famous hunter. Unfortunately, during one incident he killed his uncle during one argument. When his mother found out about the dead of her brother, she took the log from its
hiding place and threw it into the fire. Meleager began to weaken until finally he died. Althaea grieved for the son that she had given both life and death (Museum of Art).
As we can see both the sarcophagus and the Statues are essentially antiquitys marble objects. They both portrait the life of important people, Gods, and emperors during the Roman period. Both, in the sarcophagus of “the Return of the Body of Meleager to Kalydon” and in the statue of “Commodus as Hercules” the main characters are visualized as strong male figures, with most of their body uncovered.
In conclusion, the Roman Empire was influence by the Greek culture, and became the great empire we know today. By using four major styles that are, portrait sculptures, paintings and mosaics, relief sculptures, and statues, the Romans were able to create their on architecture. When studying the pieces of “the Return of the Body of Meleager to Kalydon” and “Commodus as Hercules” I was able to find some similarities between those two, but most of all the way they relate to each other, and the influence they had on their emperors. Romans were more focused on their emperor during this period of time, and it was by using styles like relief sculptures and statues that they were able to demonstrate that.
Mind that the sample papers like Roman art presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Showing posts with label free essays. Show all posts
Showing posts with label free essays. Show all posts
Saturday, September 1, 2012
Saturday, August 11, 2012
hellenistic art
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like hellenistic art even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like hellenistic art in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
Pride of Hellenistic Art
The Hellenistic period has no exact dates to limit its boundaries; rather it has a few hundred years where we can approximate its existence. The dates that are most closely associated with this period are approximately 00-100 BC. The end of the classical era leads to the new innovations and the use of new preferences that are now known in Hellenistic art. Examining some of the great works of Hellenistic sculptures, we will see some of the changes from classical era to that of Hellenistic.
In order to understand the shift from the classical era to the Hellenistic there are a few factors that must be known. This is a time where the political structure in Greece had shifted. It is now under a Divine Monarch as before it was a Democracy. This has all come about with the death of Alexander the Great. This new Monarch had come into effect at a time where there was great flourishing in the states of Greece. The military had much success in raiding neighboring cities. This aided in the acquirement of wealth. Greeks were always a people who were intense with there culture and love of art, so it could only be expected that this new age would lead to beautification of there cities, palaces, temples and homes with wonderful art.
The earliest piece we will be discussing is the, “Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women.” This piece cannot be dated solidly, but it is believed to have been created in the latter part of the fourth century BC. It stands about 70 inches high and 104 inches long. The details of this Sarcophagus that interest us are the women who are carved in the frieze. Around the whole exterior there are 18 women but we will concentrate on . The Sarcophagus belonged to a king whose name is unknown. The women who are sculpted are meant to represent his grieving wives and concubines of the late king.
One of the main changes from classical art to Hellenic is that from idealistic to realistic. These grieving women are perfect examples. Each woman appears similar in their clothing, hairstyles, proportions and facial features, but each one is still very different. The most noted differences would be their stance and facial expression. They all come across as mournful but each does so in their own way. The first woman has a hand on her breast and the other bent towards herself. Her right knee is buckled. Her head is slightly turned to the left and pointed downward. All of these details are used frequently throughout Hellenistic art. The human body bends and turns and so to make a realistic representation the statue must mimic the poses of the human body. We see the experimentation of the agility of the body more so in the other two statues. The second is leaning on something and her legs are crossed and stretched out towards the right. Her neck and head are twisted to the left. Her left arm embraces her body while the other is erected towards her face. The third one stands with her whole body twisted tot he right and her right hand holding her vale to her eyes as if an attempt to dry her tears. Her left hand is across her abdomen. All of these poses are creative but realistically showing the emotions that would be set forth in a time of grievance.
Faces prior to this period can be categorized as expressionless, which these women are definitely not. The facial expression on each speaks to us. We know by the detail in the first women’s forehead that sees in feeling pain. The second has a gaze stare into nothing. The third is meant to be crying, so we cannot even see her eyes. The mouths are emotionless.
As we begun to express the attention brought to realism in are we can go further into this idea by mention the piece, “The Old Drunken Women.” This piece not only is a prime example of realism in Hellenistic art, but also in the living of everyday life. Myron did this piece. What the title indicates is exactly what is offered by the sculpture. It uses the theme of “everyday life” which had become a favorite of the Hellenistic artists. The piece especially captures the vulgarity of an elderly woman who has had too much to drink. The new notion is that the youthful faces of idealized classic art have been replaced by those which are not meant to be attractive just realistic so if you were to see the subject in person. This sculpture probable resembles the women unlike the idealized sculptures such of those of Alexander the Great.
Her head is raised up and eyes widened. She clasps her jug of wine with a death grip. It appears that this wine is her dearest possession since her knees are spread almost appearing to be gripping the jug as well. The angle in which her head placed gives the implication that she is already in a drunken state. Her head is slung back as if her neck is incapable of holding it up. The detailed wrinkles of her face are unattractive yet it is hard not to stare at them. The jug that she has is detailed as well with flowers of some sort engraved. Her skin also is impressive. The artist did well by exposing the bones and letting her skin hang off of them. Her attire is well designed as well as the positioning of it. The way in which the linen is falling off of her shoulder goes further to prove that she is in a drunken state.
“Crouching Aphrodite,” was sculpted originally by a sculpture called Doidalas who was from Bythinia. It originally dates to about 50-40 BC. The original was probably done in bronze and had Eros holding a mirror up to her. We have the Roman copies to admire, which there are many around. The one that we will use can be found in museo Nazionale delle Terme in Rome. If we were unaware that this was a Roman copy we could figure it out when noticing the support piece located under the left thigh. This sculptor is also known as the Venus Od Vienna. Aphrodite was often depicted nude or partially clothed. She is usually associated with bathing probably since the myth of her birth has her being born from the ocean. This piece has been critiqued as Aphrodite getting ready to bathe as well. It has many Roman copies that included the one we are examining. In context to the Hellenistic world, this Aphrodite helps in promoting the Greeks concerns with sexuality. The Hellenistic world opens doors to the new and popular interest in sexuality. It had been acceptable for men to be depicted nude for centuries, but there is a new appreciation for the woman’s body in art. It is common to have nude, partial nude and bodies that have cloths that cling to the body rather than covering it. Aphrodite, being the goddess of love, both sexual and spiritual, is the perfect model for such a range.
We see Aphrodite crouched and twisted in such a particular way. Her body today would be described as plump although at the time in Greece it could only be assumed that it was the object of beauty for so many bodies in art were voluptuous and meaty so to say. Aphrodite also being the goddess of love could not bear a figure that was unattractive as well. Her lower back and buttocks seems out of proportion. They are rather large when compared to the head and limbs. Her breasts are full and prominent giving her youthfulness. My favorite aspect of this sculpture would have to be her stomach. She is not fat, but her stomach has wrinkles. The way in which her torso turns realistically depicts the actual way that her stomach would look. It is hard not to appreciate the artists tedious work when admiring the way her head is turn in the opposite direction of her torso.
Movement is also one of the greatest advances in Hellenistic art. We see movement in this era through many scenes of violence. These scenes are a great example of the movement that has metamorphoses in art, but the Greeks have also managed to utilize movement to show images of grace. In no way has it been better portrayed then in sculpture of “Victory of Samothrace”. It is almost unfair to try to describe its beauty on paper.
This sculpture is of the goddess Nike, whose name means victory. This particular statue of her was made approximately 180-160 BC. The battle in which it stood victoriously for is unknown as well as the artist who created it. We know that this does stand for a navel victory since it was made sit at the Prow of a ship. It is widely believed that an artist from Rhodes created her. This idea comes from the fact that the marble used to make her came from the island of Rhodes. She can be found at the Louvre in Paris. She is known to be, the most copied Greek statue and the most recognized.
Her body is extremely sexual. As was mentioned before it was common to draw sex appear by the way a femme wore her cloths. It appears as if a gust of wind is attacking her head on. The draperies smooth out to reveal the curves of her breast. It is hard to believe that she is not clothed in linen the way in which the marble crinkles. She originally is holding a wreath in one of her hands.
Weather it be a piece that mimics its model, creates seemingly impossible movements, captures the beauty of a nude body or be a product of everyday life, the growth in the world of art cannot be ignored. Hellenistic art was truly a genius age where sculptures and other forms of art would captivate the admirers.
Mind that the sample papers like hellenistic art presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Pride of Hellenistic Art
The Hellenistic period has no exact dates to limit its boundaries; rather it has a few hundred years where we can approximate its existence. The dates that are most closely associated with this period are approximately 00-100 BC. The end of the classical era leads to the new innovations and the use of new preferences that are now known in Hellenistic art. Examining some of the great works of Hellenistic sculptures, we will see some of the changes from classical era to that of Hellenistic.
In order to understand the shift from the classical era to the Hellenistic there are a few factors that must be known. This is a time where the political structure in Greece had shifted. It is now under a Divine Monarch as before it was a Democracy. This has all come about with the death of Alexander the Great. This new Monarch had come into effect at a time where there was great flourishing in the states of Greece. The military had much success in raiding neighboring cities. This aided in the acquirement of wealth. Greeks were always a people who were intense with there culture and love of art, so it could only be expected that this new age would lead to beautification of there cities, palaces, temples and homes with wonderful art.
The earliest piece we will be discussing is the, “Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women.” This piece cannot be dated solidly, but it is believed to have been created in the latter part of the fourth century BC. It stands about 70 inches high and 104 inches long. The details of this Sarcophagus that interest us are the women who are carved in the frieze. Around the whole exterior there are 18 women but we will concentrate on . The Sarcophagus belonged to a king whose name is unknown. The women who are sculpted are meant to represent his grieving wives and concubines of the late king.
One of the main changes from classical art to Hellenic is that from idealistic to realistic. These grieving women are perfect examples. Each woman appears similar in their clothing, hairstyles, proportions and facial features, but each one is still very different. The most noted differences would be their stance and facial expression. They all come across as mournful but each does so in their own way. The first woman has a hand on her breast and the other bent towards herself. Her right knee is buckled. Her head is slightly turned to the left and pointed downward. All of these details are used frequently throughout Hellenistic art. The human body bends and turns and so to make a realistic representation the statue must mimic the poses of the human body. We see the experimentation of the agility of the body more so in the other two statues. The second is leaning on something and her legs are crossed and stretched out towards the right. Her neck and head are twisted to the left. Her left arm embraces her body while the other is erected towards her face. The third one stands with her whole body twisted tot he right and her right hand holding her vale to her eyes as if an attempt to dry her tears. Her left hand is across her abdomen. All of these poses are creative but realistically showing the emotions that would be set forth in a time of grievance.
Faces prior to this period can be categorized as expressionless, which these women are definitely not. The facial expression on each speaks to us. We know by the detail in the first women’s forehead that sees in feeling pain. The second has a gaze stare into nothing. The third is meant to be crying, so we cannot even see her eyes. The mouths are emotionless.
As we begun to express the attention brought to realism in are we can go further into this idea by mention the piece, “The Old Drunken Women.” This piece not only is a prime example of realism in Hellenistic art, but also in the living of everyday life. Myron did this piece. What the title indicates is exactly what is offered by the sculpture. It uses the theme of “everyday life” which had become a favorite of the Hellenistic artists. The piece especially captures the vulgarity of an elderly woman who has had too much to drink. The new notion is that the youthful faces of idealized classic art have been replaced by those which are not meant to be attractive just realistic so if you were to see the subject in person. This sculpture probable resembles the women unlike the idealized sculptures such of those of Alexander the Great.
Her head is raised up and eyes widened. She clasps her jug of wine with a death grip. It appears that this wine is her dearest possession since her knees are spread almost appearing to be gripping the jug as well. The angle in which her head placed gives the implication that she is already in a drunken state. Her head is slung back as if her neck is incapable of holding it up. The detailed wrinkles of her face are unattractive yet it is hard not to stare at them. The jug that she has is detailed as well with flowers of some sort engraved. Her skin also is impressive. The artist did well by exposing the bones and letting her skin hang off of them. Her attire is well designed as well as the positioning of it. The way in which the linen is falling off of her shoulder goes further to prove that she is in a drunken state.
“Crouching Aphrodite,” was sculpted originally by a sculpture called Doidalas who was from Bythinia. It originally dates to about 50-40 BC. The original was probably done in bronze and had Eros holding a mirror up to her. We have the Roman copies to admire, which there are many around. The one that we will use can be found in museo Nazionale delle Terme in Rome. If we were unaware that this was a Roman copy we could figure it out when noticing the support piece located under the left thigh. This sculptor is also known as the Venus Od Vienna. Aphrodite was often depicted nude or partially clothed. She is usually associated with bathing probably since the myth of her birth has her being born from the ocean. This piece has been critiqued as Aphrodite getting ready to bathe as well. It has many Roman copies that included the one we are examining. In context to the Hellenistic world, this Aphrodite helps in promoting the Greeks concerns with sexuality. The Hellenistic world opens doors to the new and popular interest in sexuality. It had been acceptable for men to be depicted nude for centuries, but there is a new appreciation for the woman’s body in art. It is common to have nude, partial nude and bodies that have cloths that cling to the body rather than covering it. Aphrodite, being the goddess of love, both sexual and spiritual, is the perfect model for such a range.
We see Aphrodite crouched and twisted in such a particular way. Her body today would be described as plump although at the time in Greece it could only be assumed that it was the object of beauty for so many bodies in art were voluptuous and meaty so to say. Aphrodite also being the goddess of love could not bear a figure that was unattractive as well. Her lower back and buttocks seems out of proportion. They are rather large when compared to the head and limbs. Her breasts are full and prominent giving her youthfulness. My favorite aspect of this sculpture would have to be her stomach. She is not fat, but her stomach has wrinkles. The way in which her torso turns realistically depicts the actual way that her stomach would look. It is hard not to appreciate the artists tedious work when admiring the way her head is turn in the opposite direction of her torso.
Movement is also one of the greatest advances in Hellenistic art. We see movement in this era through many scenes of violence. These scenes are a great example of the movement that has metamorphoses in art, but the Greeks have also managed to utilize movement to show images of grace. In no way has it been better portrayed then in sculpture of “Victory of Samothrace”. It is almost unfair to try to describe its beauty on paper.
This sculpture is of the goddess Nike, whose name means victory. This particular statue of her was made approximately 180-160 BC. The battle in which it stood victoriously for is unknown as well as the artist who created it. We know that this does stand for a navel victory since it was made sit at the Prow of a ship. It is widely believed that an artist from Rhodes created her. This idea comes from the fact that the marble used to make her came from the island of Rhodes. She can be found at the Louvre in Paris. She is known to be, the most copied Greek statue and the most recognized.
Her body is extremely sexual. As was mentioned before it was common to draw sex appear by the way a femme wore her cloths. It appears as if a gust of wind is attacking her head on. The draperies smooth out to reveal the curves of her breast. It is hard to believe that she is not clothed in linen the way in which the marble crinkles. She originally is holding a wreath in one of her hands.
Weather it be a piece that mimics its model, creates seemingly impossible movements, captures the beauty of a nude body or be a product of everyday life, the growth in the world of art cannot be ignored. Hellenistic art was truly a genius age where sculptures and other forms of art would captivate the admirers.
Mind that the sample papers like hellenistic art presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Wednesday, August 1, 2012
water
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like water even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like water in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
Robin and Ralph serve brief, yet significant roles in scenes VIII and IX of Christopher Marlowe’s Dr. Faustus. Robin is an ostler at an inn who steals one of Faustus’ magic books and convinces his friend, Ralph, to join him in conjuring. Robin and Ralph decide to use the magic to deceive the vintner out of a goblet. Then Robin recites the spell that conjures up Mephistophilis, who frightens them until they give the goblet back to the vintner. Then Mephistophilis punishes the two men by turning them into an ape and a dog. Robin and Ralph can be compared to a couple of minor characters in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Like the characters Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in Hamlet, Robin and Ralph are two separate characters, but neither possess any distinguishing qualities. The names are practically interchangeable because there is no real distinction between the two characters.
Scenes VIII and IX demonstrate the negative consequences of using black magic. Mephistophilis punishes Robin and Ralph for stealing Faustus’ book and trying to perform spells with the devil’s magic. Robin and Ralph are also punished because they are not entitled to the devil’s magic. They did not make a deal with the devil, as Faustus did. They instead stole a book and misused its powers. The scenes also display the power of the devil’s magic and what can happen if this power falls into unsuspecting hands.
Humans form initial impressions of their environment through utilization of their senses. In A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Joyce allows the reader to perceive surroundings through Stephen’s sensual experiences. Perception through the senses appears continually throughout the novel from Stephen’s early childhood through his adolescence, all the way to his epiphany at the end of chapter four.
The novel begins with an introduction to Stephen’s childhood through descriptions based around the senses. The sense of sight is mentioned when Joyce writes “...his father [looked] at him through a glass...”(1). The sense of touch is introduced with the line “...he had a hairy face”(1) and with the description of the feeling of wetting a bed. It is explained that first it feels warm and then it gets cold. Smell is first mentioned when Stephen describes the oilsheet that his mother placed over his bed after he wet it. He says it has a queer smell. The sense of smell is also utilized with the line “His mother had a nicer [smell] than his father” (1). Finally, descriptions of how Stephen would sing songs as his mother played the sailor’s hornpipe on the piano touches on the sense of hearing.
Perception through senses reaches dramatic level as the novel continues. One example is during the sermons that Stephen experiences while away at his spiritual retreat in Belvedere. The priest at Belvedere gives three sermons brimming with extensive details of the horrors of Hell. These striking descriptions of terror are exceptionally agonizing for Stephen because the priest continually mentions how the sinners are suffering through their senses, and Stephen has always perceived the world through sensual experiences. Stephen’s use of sensory perception flourishes again to a remarkable level at the end of chapter four, though on an entirely different scale. This time, the heightened emotions and sensory awareness is of something beautiful. The girl that Stephen sees wading in the water is described thoroughly through his sense of sight with lines like “Her long slender bare legs were delicate as a crane’s and pure save where an emerald trail of seaweed had fashioned itself as a sign upon the flesh” (1). The sense of sound is mentioned when Stephen describes the faint noise that her foot makes as she gently stirs the water about her. Several references to the sense of touch are made with Stephen’s reaction to the girl, with the words “His cheeks were aflame; his body was aglow; his limbs were trembling” (1).
Many examples can be found throughout the length of Joyce’s novel where sensual experiences document the events of the story. These sensory descriptions seem to intensify as the novel progresses, as apparent by the basic references to the senses utilized in the beginning of the novel leading to the graphic sensory descriptions of the sermons and Stephen’s epiphany at the end of chapter four. Joyce’s continual use of sensory perception effectively engages the reader, making him experience the novel through his senses like Stephen.
Mind that the sample papers like water presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Robin and Ralph serve brief, yet significant roles in scenes VIII and IX of Christopher Marlowe’s Dr. Faustus. Robin is an ostler at an inn who steals one of Faustus’ magic books and convinces his friend, Ralph, to join him in conjuring. Robin and Ralph decide to use the magic to deceive the vintner out of a goblet. Then Robin recites the spell that conjures up Mephistophilis, who frightens them until they give the goblet back to the vintner. Then Mephistophilis punishes the two men by turning them into an ape and a dog. Robin and Ralph can be compared to a couple of minor characters in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Like the characters Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in Hamlet, Robin and Ralph are two separate characters, but neither possess any distinguishing qualities. The names are practically interchangeable because there is no real distinction between the two characters.
Scenes VIII and IX demonstrate the negative consequences of using black magic. Mephistophilis punishes Robin and Ralph for stealing Faustus’ book and trying to perform spells with the devil’s magic. Robin and Ralph are also punished because they are not entitled to the devil’s magic. They did not make a deal with the devil, as Faustus did. They instead stole a book and misused its powers. The scenes also display the power of the devil’s magic and what can happen if this power falls into unsuspecting hands.
Humans form initial impressions of their environment through utilization of their senses. In A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Joyce allows the reader to perceive surroundings through Stephen’s sensual experiences. Perception through the senses appears continually throughout the novel from Stephen’s early childhood through his adolescence, all the way to his epiphany at the end of chapter four.
The novel begins with an introduction to Stephen’s childhood through descriptions based around the senses. The sense of sight is mentioned when Joyce writes “...his father [looked] at him through a glass...”(1). The sense of touch is introduced with the line “...he had a hairy face”(1) and with the description of the feeling of wetting a bed. It is explained that first it feels warm and then it gets cold. Smell is first mentioned when Stephen describes the oilsheet that his mother placed over his bed after he wet it. He says it has a queer smell. The sense of smell is also utilized with the line “His mother had a nicer [smell] than his father” (1). Finally, descriptions of how Stephen would sing songs as his mother played the sailor’s hornpipe on the piano touches on the sense of hearing.
Perception through senses reaches dramatic level as the novel continues. One example is during the sermons that Stephen experiences while away at his spiritual retreat in Belvedere. The priest at Belvedere gives three sermons brimming with extensive details of the horrors of Hell. These striking descriptions of terror are exceptionally agonizing for Stephen because the priest continually mentions how the sinners are suffering through their senses, and Stephen has always perceived the world through sensual experiences. Stephen’s use of sensory perception flourishes again to a remarkable level at the end of chapter four, though on an entirely different scale. This time, the heightened emotions and sensory awareness is of something beautiful. The girl that Stephen sees wading in the water is described thoroughly through his sense of sight with lines like “Her long slender bare legs were delicate as a crane’s and pure save where an emerald trail of seaweed had fashioned itself as a sign upon the flesh” (1). The sense of sound is mentioned when Stephen describes the faint noise that her foot makes as she gently stirs the water about her. Several references to the sense of touch are made with Stephen’s reaction to the girl, with the words “His cheeks were aflame; his body was aglow; his limbs were trembling” (1).
Many examples can be found throughout the length of Joyce’s novel where sensual experiences document the events of the story. These sensory descriptions seem to intensify as the novel progresses, as apparent by the basic references to the senses utilized in the beginning of the novel leading to the graphic sensory descriptions of the sermons and Stephen’s epiphany at the end of chapter four. Joyce’s continual use of sensory perception effectively engages the reader, making him experience the novel through his senses like Stephen.
Mind that the sample papers like water presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Monday, July 23, 2012
df
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B. There are two sides to genetic engineering in medicine. On the plus side, genetic engineering helps to cure diseases like cancer by replacing defective genes with healthy, appropriate ones. Secondly, we can clone organs for people who need them. Third, we can use genetic engineering to produce drugs that prevent tumors by depriving them of the blood vessels they need to grow. Fourth, we can prevent rheumatoid arthritis with bone marrow transplants. Finally, we can increase milk production by giving the cows genetically engineered drugs. On the negative side, gene therapy that was in its early research stages, has caused death. Secondly, patients that are in relatively good health could suffer permanent damage. Thirdly, because genetic engineering is still new, occasional unexpected side effects, including death, occur. For example, when looking to remove the ACC enzyme from mice, allowed the mice to lose weight while eating more. However, several of the mice that lacked the related ACC1 died as embryos. B. There are two sides to genetic engineering in medicine. On the plus side, genetic engineering helps to cure diseases like cancer by replacing defective genes with healthy, appropriate ones. Secondly, we can clone organs for people who need them. Third, we can use genetic engineering to produce drugs that prevent tumors by depriving them of the blood vessels they need to grow. Fourth, we can prevent rheumatoid arthritis with bone marrow transplants. Finally, we can increase milk production by giving the cows genetically engineered drugs. On the negative side, gene therapy that was in its early research stages, has caused death. Secondly, patients that are in relatively good health could suffer permanent damage. Thirdly, because genetic engineering is still new, occasional unexpected side effects, including death, occur. For example, when looking to remove the ACC enzyme from mice, allowed the mice to lose weight while eating more. However, several of the mice that lacked the related ACC1 died as embryos. B. There are two sides to genetic engineering in medicine. On the plus side, genetic engineering helps to cure diseases like cancer by replacing defective genes with healthy, appropriate ones. Secondly, we can clone organs for people who need them. Third, we can use genetic engineering to produce drugs that prevent tumors by depriving them of the blood vessels they need to grow. Fourth, we can prevent rheumatoid arthritis with bone marrow transplants. Finally, we can increase milk production by giving the cows genetically engineered drugs. On the negative side, gene therapy that was in its early research stages, has caused death. Secondly, patients that are in relatively good health could suffer permanent damage. Thirdly, because genetic engineering is still new, occasional unexpected side effects, including death, occur. For example, when looking to remove the ACC enzyme from mice, allowed the mice to lose weight while eating more. However, several of the mice that lacked the related ACC1 died as embryos.
Mind that the sample papers like df presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
B. There are two sides to genetic engineering in medicine. On the plus side, genetic engineering helps to cure diseases like cancer by replacing defective genes with healthy, appropriate ones. Secondly, we can clone organs for people who need them. Third, we can use genetic engineering to produce drugs that prevent tumors by depriving them of the blood vessels they need to grow. Fourth, we can prevent rheumatoid arthritis with bone marrow transplants. Finally, we can increase milk production by giving the cows genetically engineered drugs. On the negative side, gene therapy that was in its early research stages, has caused death. Secondly, patients that are in relatively good health could suffer permanent damage. Thirdly, because genetic engineering is still new, occasional unexpected side effects, including death, occur. For example, when looking to remove the ACC enzyme from mice, allowed the mice to lose weight while eating more. However, several of the mice that lacked the related ACC1 died as embryos. B. There are two sides to genetic engineering in medicine. On the plus side, genetic engineering helps to cure diseases like cancer by replacing defective genes with healthy, appropriate ones. Secondly, we can clone organs for people who need them. Third, we can use genetic engineering to produce drugs that prevent tumors by depriving them of the blood vessels they need to grow. Fourth, we can prevent rheumatoid arthritis with bone marrow transplants. Finally, we can increase milk production by giving the cows genetically engineered drugs. On the negative side, gene therapy that was in its early research stages, has caused death. Secondly, patients that are in relatively good health could suffer permanent damage. Thirdly, because genetic engineering is still new, occasional unexpected side effects, including death, occur. For example, when looking to remove the ACC enzyme from mice, allowed the mice to lose weight while eating more. However, several of the mice that lacked the related ACC1 died as embryos. B. There are two sides to genetic engineering in medicine. On the plus side, genetic engineering helps to cure diseases like cancer by replacing defective genes with healthy, appropriate ones. Secondly, we can clone organs for people who need them. Third, we can use genetic engineering to produce drugs that prevent tumors by depriving them of the blood vessels they need to grow. Fourth, we can prevent rheumatoid arthritis with bone marrow transplants. Finally, we can increase milk production by giving the cows genetically engineered drugs. On the negative side, gene therapy that was in its early research stages, has caused death. Secondly, patients that are in relatively good health could suffer permanent damage. Thirdly, because genetic engineering is still new, occasional unexpected side effects, including death, occur. For example, when looking to remove the ACC enzyme from mice, allowed the mice to lose weight while eating more. However, several of the mice that lacked the related ACC1 died as embryos.
Mind that the sample papers like df presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Wednesday, July 18, 2012
The Use of Opposites in Othello
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Shakespeare’s Use of Opposites in Othello
Contrast is a principle element in every form of art. Painters use cool colors to push warm ones forward, dark values to accentuate the lighted areas, and soft edges to give focus to the sharp edges. Writers use calm tempos to make the apex of their stories more powerful. In William Shakespeare’s Othello (reprinted in Thomas R. Arp and Laurence Perrine, Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense, 6th ed. [Fort Worth Harcourt, 1] 1060), Shakespeare uses opposites in character, plot, and language for similar purposes.
Desdemona and Emilia serve as opposites to each other. Desdemona is a beautiful young Venetian woman. She has a very sheltered perspective of the world that leads her to fall in love with Othello’s adventurous past. This sheltered view also extends to her perception of most women. In act four, Desdemona reveals her innocence and purity of thought.
In scene two of act four Othello wrongly accuses Desdemona of being a strumpet. Desdemona is so naive to the world that she doesn’t even know what a strumpet is. She replies, “No, as I am a Christian”, and goes on to insist that she will be saved (4..8). She thinks Othello is referring to her religion instead of her chastity.
In scene three of act four, Desdemona underscores her purity of thought in a question to Emilia. She asks, “Dost thou in conscience think � tell me, Emilia � / that there be women do abuse their husbands / in such gross kind?” (4..5-61). She believes all women to be as chaste as she is and doesn’t think that it is even possible for a woman to do such a thing. Desdemona then asks Emilia, “Wouldn’t thou do such a deed for all the world?” (4..6). Desdemona thinks this is such a horrible act that only “the world” would be proper compensation. This question gives Emilia the chance to reveal a principle difference between her and Desdemona. Emilia replies, “Why, would not you?” (4..6). This conversation shows their misjudgment of each other. Emilia thinks her question is silly because she thinks that cheating on one’s husband is something that any woman would do. Emilia thought Desdemona shared her views and would do the same. Desdemona replies, “No, by this heavenly light!” (4..64) Emilia then says that she would do such things by heavenly light either, but that she would definitely do it in secret. She goes on to say that she would cuckold her husband for his own benefit. Emilia is suggesting that she would do this for her own benefit though, because her notoriety would increase with her husband’s if she could advance his rank. Emilia’s lighthearted view of infidelity juxtaposed with Desdemona’s innocence and purity of thought gives the audience a saintly view of Desdemona.
The structure of this contrast makes the play more interesting and suspenseful. The viewer knows that Othello means to do her harm for the pain she caused him by making a cuckold of him, but it seems impossible that any harm could befall such a character pure in heart as Desdemona.
A smaller character foil can be found in the characters Iago and Roderigo. Roderigo’s stupidity and his inclination to be easily led in mind and action compliment Iago’s cleverness and ability to ensnare the minds and wills of others. In the opening lines of the play, Roderigo tells us that Iago has “had my purse / as if the strings were thine” (1.1.-). Roderigo’s desperate plot to win the affection of Desdemona has blinded his concern for money. He loses all of his money by funding Iago’s attempts to win Desdemona for him. Iago displays his conscious plan at the end of act one saying, “Thus do I ever make my fool my purse” (1..16). His manipulation of Roderigo shows that he is very capable of twisting another’s will for his own benefit.
Roderigo’s character also compliments Iago in the respect that Roderigo wears his heart on his sleeve while Iago’s motives are always hidden from the people he interacts with. Iago outwardly admits to this twice in the first act saying, “I must show out a flag and sign of love, / which indeed but a sign” (1.1.155). He also gives a summary of his character saying, “I am not what I am” (1.1.65). This relationship establishes early on that Iago is anything but honest.
In the same way that Iago said “I am not what I am”, opposites in plot structure are situations that are not what they seem to be. Othello is full of plot antithesis from beginning to end. Shakespeare uses this plot device to increase the drama and suspense in his play, and to evoke a wide spectrum of emotions in his listeners.
The first sign of this device can be seen in act one when Desdemona marries Othello behind her father, Brabantio’s back. Brabantio was deceived by his daughter, Desdemona, thinking she was so calm in nature that she “blushed at herself” (1..6). Upon discovering their marriage, he delivers a line that echoes throughout the play “Fathers, from hence trust not your daughters’ minds / By what you see them act” (1.1.67). This small use of plot antithesis foreshadows Iago’s deceitful plans.
In scene three of act three, Iago turns a harmless situation into a soar in Othello’s mind. Cassio is leaving the scene after taking with Desdemona as Iago and Othello enter the scene. Iago had instructed Cassio to ask Desdemona to speak to Othello on his behalf, yet he immediately insinuates that Cassio was wooing Othello’s wife by suggesting that he had “[stolen] away so guilty-like” (..40). This is the first seed of jealousy that Iago plants in Othello’s mind.
At the beginning of act four Iago sets another jealousy trap for Othello. He tells Othello to hide himself and listen to Cassio confess his affair with Desdemona. In truth, the conversation he overhears is about Cassio’s relationship to Bianca. Iago knows that Cassio “cannot refrain from excess laughter” when he speaks about Bianca, and he uses this to mold Othello’s jealous thoughts (4.1.6-7). Othello eavesdrops on the conversation and interprets it as solid evidence that his wife is having an affair. The audience knows that he is misinterpreting the conversation, and as they watch the event unfold they are made to feel like direct witnesses to Iago’s scheme. The impact of experiencing Iago’s knavery first hand, after he explains to the audience how he plans to ensnare his victims, makes the audience feel like they too are Iago’s victims, being “led by the nose as asses are” (1..77).
The handkerchief ordeal is another use of opposites in the play. Desdemona thinks she has lost her handkerchief and Othello thinks that she has given it to Cassio. In truth, Iago had his wife steal it so that he could use it to weave his web of deception.
Shakespeare also uses opposites in language, through oxymorons, in this play. These combinations of contradictory or incongruous words linger in the listener’s ear, and cause them to contemplate the circumstances further. Two oxymorns exist in this play. Both of which, are spoken by Othello. In scene two of act five Othello murders his wife in their bed. Doing this he says
What noise is this? Not dead? Not yet quite dead?
I that am cruel am yet merciful,
I would not have thee linger in thy pain. (5..85-86)
To the immediate circumstances he is saying that he doesn’t want to cause her pain in her death, and he aims to end her life quickly. But further examination leads to Othello’s truth motives in this murder. By killing Desdemona now, he insures that she has a place in heaven. He still loves her very much at this point, and shows mercy to her soul by allowing her to confess her sins in prayer before she dies. Shakespeare’s use of this oxymoron is a very efficient way of describing the complexities of this murder.
Shakespeare uses another oxymoron as Othello confesses the murder to Lodovico. Othello tells Lodovico that he is “an honorable murderer, if you will. / For naught did [he] in hate, but all in honor” (5..-4). The extreme opposition of the terms, honorable and murderer force the audience to reconsider their judgment of Othello. In Shakespeare’s time it was considered lawful to kill ones wife if she made a cuckold of her husband. Othello is tells Lodovico that his deeds were honorable by law, and he tells the audience that his actions are justified by his wife’s abuse.
Shakespeare’s usage of opposites in language, bind seamlessly with the opposites in characters and plot structure. The contrast of these opposites gives the viewer a point of reference from which to judge the individual parts. Together, they intensify the drama of the play and involve the audience mentally and emotionally.
Mind that the sample papers like The Use of Opposites in Othello presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Shakespeare’s Use of Opposites in Othello
Contrast is a principle element in every form of art. Painters use cool colors to push warm ones forward, dark values to accentuate the lighted areas, and soft edges to give focus to the sharp edges. Writers use calm tempos to make the apex of their stories more powerful. In William Shakespeare’s Othello (reprinted in Thomas R. Arp and Laurence Perrine, Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense, 6th ed. [Fort Worth Harcourt, 1] 1060), Shakespeare uses opposites in character, plot, and language for similar purposes.
Desdemona and Emilia serve as opposites to each other. Desdemona is a beautiful young Venetian woman. She has a very sheltered perspective of the world that leads her to fall in love with Othello’s adventurous past. This sheltered view also extends to her perception of most women. In act four, Desdemona reveals her innocence and purity of thought.
In scene two of act four Othello wrongly accuses Desdemona of being a strumpet. Desdemona is so naive to the world that she doesn’t even know what a strumpet is. She replies, “No, as I am a Christian”, and goes on to insist that she will be saved (4..8). She thinks Othello is referring to her religion instead of her chastity.
In scene three of act four, Desdemona underscores her purity of thought in a question to Emilia. She asks, “Dost thou in conscience think � tell me, Emilia � / that there be women do abuse their husbands / in such gross kind?” (4..5-61). She believes all women to be as chaste as she is and doesn’t think that it is even possible for a woman to do such a thing. Desdemona then asks Emilia, “Wouldn’t thou do such a deed for all the world?” (4..6). Desdemona thinks this is such a horrible act that only “the world” would be proper compensation. This question gives Emilia the chance to reveal a principle difference between her and Desdemona. Emilia replies, “Why, would not you?” (4..6). This conversation shows their misjudgment of each other. Emilia thinks her question is silly because she thinks that cheating on one’s husband is something that any woman would do. Emilia thought Desdemona shared her views and would do the same. Desdemona replies, “No, by this heavenly light!” (4..64) Emilia then says that she would do such things by heavenly light either, but that she would definitely do it in secret. She goes on to say that she would cuckold her husband for his own benefit. Emilia is suggesting that she would do this for her own benefit though, because her notoriety would increase with her husband’s if she could advance his rank. Emilia’s lighthearted view of infidelity juxtaposed with Desdemona’s innocence and purity of thought gives the audience a saintly view of Desdemona.
The structure of this contrast makes the play more interesting and suspenseful. The viewer knows that Othello means to do her harm for the pain she caused him by making a cuckold of him, but it seems impossible that any harm could befall such a character pure in heart as Desdemona.
A smaller character foil can be found in the characters Iago and Roderigo. Roderigo’s stupidity and his inclination to be easily led in mind and action compliment Iago’s cleverness and ability to ensnare the minds and wills of others. In the opening lines of the play, Roderigo tells us that Iago has “had my purse / as if the strings were thine” (1.1.-). Roderigo’s desperate plot to win the affection of Desdemona has blinded his concern for money. He loses all of his money by funding Iago’s attempts to win Desdemona for him. Iago displays his conscious plan at the end of act one saying, “Thus do I ever make my fool my purse” (1..16). His manipulation of Roderigo shows that he is very capable of twisting another’s will for his own benefit.
Roderigo’s character also compliments Iago in the respect that Roderigo wears his heart on his sleeve while Iago’s motives are always hidden from the people he interacts with. Iago outwardly admits to this twice in the first act saying, “I must show out a flag and sign of love, / which indeed but a sign” (1.1.155). He also gives a summary of his character saying, “I am not what I am” (1.1.65). This relationship establishes early on that Iago is anything but honest.
In the same way that Iago said “I am not what I am”, opposites in plot structure are situations that are not what they seem to be. Othello is full of plot antithesis from beginning to end. Shakespeare uses this plot device to increase the drama and suspense in his play, and to evoke a wide spectrum of emotions in his listeners.
The first sign of this device can be seen in act one when Desdemona marries Othello behind her father, Brabantio’s back. Brabantio was deceived by his daughter, Desdemona, thinking she was so calm in nature that she “blushed at herself” (1..6). Upon discovering their marriage, he delivers a line that echoes throughout the play “Fathers, from hence trust not your daughters’ minds / By what you see them act” (1.1.67). This small use of plot antithesis foreshadows Iago’s deceitful plans.
In scene three of act three, Iago turns a harmless situation into a soar in Othello’s mind. Cassio is leaving the scene after taking with Desdemona as Iago and Othello enter the scene. Iago had instructed Cassio to ask Desdemona to speak to Othello on his behalf, yet he immediately insinuates that Cassio was wooing Othello’s wife by suggesting that he had “[stolen] away so guilty-like” (..40). This is the first seed of jealousy that Iago plants in Othello’s mind.
At the beginning of act four Iago sets another jealousy trap for Othello. He tells Othello to hide himself and listen to Cassio confess his affair with Desdemona. In truth, the conversation he overhears is about Cassio’s relationship to Bianca. Iago knows that Cassio “cannot refrain from excess laughter” when he speaks about Bianca, and he uses this to mold Othello’s jealous thoughts (4.1.6-7). Othello eavesdrops on the conversation and interprets it as solid evidence that his wife is having an affair. The audience knows that he is misinterpreting the conversation, and as they watch the event unfold they are made to feel like direct witnesses to Iago’s scheme. The impact of experiencing Iago’s knavery first hand, after he explains to the audience how he plans to ensnare his victims, makes the audience feel like they too are Iago’s victims, being “led by the nose as asses are” (1..77).
The handkerchief ordeal is another use of opposites in the play. Desdemona thinks she has lost her handkerchief and Othello thinks that she has given it to Cassio. In truth, Iago had his wife steal it so that he could use it to weave his web of deception.
Shakespeare also uses opposites in language, through oxymorons, in this play. These combinations of contradictory or incongruous words linger in the listener’s ear, and cause them to contemplate the circumstances further. Two oxymorns exist in this play. Both of which, are spoken by Othello. In scene two of act five Othello murders his wife in their bed. Doing this he says
What noise is this? Not dead? Not yet quite dead?
I that am cruel am yet merciful,
I would not have thee linger in thy pain. (5..85-86)
To the immediate circumstances he is saying that he doesn’t want to cause her pain in her death, and he aims to end her life quickly. But further examination leads to Othello’s truth motives in this murder. By killing Desdemona now, he insures that she has a place in heaven. He still loves her very much at this point, and shows mercy to her soul by allowing her to confess her sins in prayer before she dies. Shakespeare’s use of this oxymoron is a very efficient way of describing the complexities of this murder.
Shakespeare uses another oxymoron as Othello confesses the murder to Lodovico. Othello tells Lodovico that he is “an honorable murderer, if you will. / For naught did [he] in hate, but all in honor” (5..-4). The extreme opposition of the terms, honorable and murderer force the audience to reconsider their judgment of Othello. In Shakespeare’s time it was considered lawful to kill ones wife if she made a cuckold of her husband. Othello is tells Lodovico that his deeds were honorable by law, and he tells the audience that his actions are justified by his wife’s abuse.
Shakespeare’s usage of opposites in language, bind seamlessly with the opposites in characters and plot structure. The contrast of these opposites gives the viewer a point of reference from which to judge the individual parts. Together, they intensify the drama of the play and involve the audience mentally and emotionally.
Mind that the sample papers like The Use of Opposites in Othello presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Thursday, May 31, 2012
Thy Will be Done
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Thy Will be Done even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Thy Will be Done in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
“THY WILL BE DONE”
Scene 1 (Rick is sitting center stage, hands out of sight, speaking with god in anguish)
Rick
Father I do not understand. I have tried to follow you but I have failed. All I asked was to be like everyone else. Why have you abandoned me?? Father I can’t do this anymore.
Our father who art in heaven,
Hallowed be thy name,
Thy will be done..(Raises his right hand in which we now see a gun, places it to his head)
MR.J
NOOOOOOOOO!!
(Blackout)(Loud gunshot rings through audience)
(Lights come up on Julie doing homework as we hear a knock on her door)
Julie
Mike what’s up? (Mike stand speechless)
Michael what’s wrong!! Michael YOUR SCARING ME!!
Mike
I should have seen this coming…I should have known
Julie
What should you have known?
Mike
He ended it…He ended everything. (Julie still not understanding)
Julie
Michael just tell me what is going on please…MIKE!! (Grabbing him) MICHAEL HE WHAT!!! TELL ME!!!
Mike
He’s gone! He took his father’s gun and shot himself!! After all we’ve been through. I’m responsible for this. This is all my fault. (They embrace)
Julie
What will we do now?
Mike
Julie has been wonderful to me ever since we started seeing each other about years ago. She means the world to me and I would do anything for her, as I would do for any of my closest friends.(Spotlight on Rick) WHY!! Why did you do this to us? Why couldn’t you come and talk to me!! (Back to the audience) I’m not really sure where we really went wrong. We have been friends forever and I know everything about him and it kills me that I didn’t see this coming. I would have to say looking back that the first sign of anything would have to be the day of our rally for the big basketball game that we had coming up.
Scene
(Lights come up Rick joins Mike walking back from the rally)
Mike
You know I think that rally was the best one that we have had yet.
Rick
You know everyone is going to be at that game. Then after we crush Oakridge it’s off to districts. Nothing can stop us now. (Slap each other five) Is Julie coming tomorrow night?
Mike
(Stopping to tie his shoes)
She better be there I went to everyone of her damn volleyball games and I hate volleyball. Hey man I almost forgot, Julie’s birthday is coming up in a couple of weeks and I want you and Michelle to have dinner with us.
Rick
Where?
Mike
Don’t know I haven’t decided yet. You candles, some soft music, the works and I want both of you there. (Rick pulls a flask out of his bag) Want some? Have a sip.
Mike
No man I thought we had talked about that.
Rick
We did I don’t all the time …Take it easy
Mike
Yeah well you do it a hell of a lot more than you used to.
Rick
Don’t worry about me dude I can take care of myself.
Mike
Do your parents know about this yet?
(Rick laughs)
Rick
Do you think I would still be alive if my parents knew about this. Holy God!
Mike
I’ll take that as a no.
Rick
I thought that my dad was going to kill me when I told him that Michelle and have been sleeping together.
Mike
He knows?
Rick
Oh yeah knows. I had to remind him to breath a couple of times because his face was turning colors but I told him.
Mike
Why did you tell him?
Rick
Well he would have found out one way or the other. My mother walked in on us having sex one afternoon last week. I was hoping that she hasn’t had sex in so long that she would have forgotten what it looks like but that was doubtful. SO I thought it best if I told him myself.
Mike
Good thinking.
Rick
My dad is such a loser. All he ever talks about is him wanting me to be some pro basketball player you know? He used to hit me ALL the time because I supposedly “Asked for it”. I don’t recall ever saying “if you don’t mind would you knock me around the house? I mean if you have a minute?” I’m afraid one day he’s really going to hurt me. He shouldn’t be too upset with my grades this term. I got all A’s and B’s except for one C+ in Pre Calculus. Mike man I don’t know, Lately it’s been so hard to keep my grades up. Pleasing my parent’s would take a miracle from the almighty, nevermind playing basketball. That’s why I resort to a drink to relax me you see? It actually help’s me more than anything else.
Mike
Well I don’t know about that. Just don’t let it control your life alright? (Michelle joins them on stage)
Rick
Trust me alright? Look I have to go, give me a call later on tonight alright man? (Shake hands)
Mike
Cool. I’ll give you a call when I get from Julie’s. Michelle what’s up?
Michelle
Not much what have you been up to?
Mike
Not much where have you been hiding?
Michelle
You know how it is, work, termpapers, nevermind college.
Mike
Damn I hear that. Guy’s I have to run I’ll talk to you guys later alright? (Michelle and Rick walk offstage)(Lights come up as they walk on stage)
Michelle
Rick do you want to come over tonight and watch a movie with me?
Rick
Sure which one?
Michelle
I can’t think of the name, it came out a little while ago with Vin Diesil and someone else I can’t think of. I heard it was really good it will give us a chance to be together for a little while.
Rick
Great. What time should I come over?
Michelle
How about 70?
Rick
What time is it now?
Michelle
It’s about quarter to six.
Rick
Great let me go home and check in with my folks and I’ll be over o.k?
Michelle
Great (Michelle begins her monologue and a light comes up on Rick)
Michelle
I could never tell what was wrong with him I was always afraid to ask. I thought that it might be his parents, they are always arguing with him about everything no matter hoe insignificant the subject may seem. He would always be upset when he would come over and I would try to cheer him up, but instead we would always end up fighting over something. I love him but I couldn’t take his drinking anymore. When he started to drink it didn’t seem to be too much of a problem but now it has taken over his life. He kept on getting more and more distant to the point that he thought that no one cared for him. I tried to be there for him but he just wouldn’t let me. I didn’t know what to do!! I didn’t know what to say!! You don’t know how this feels!! (Pointing to audience) And now he’s gone and it’s all my fault!!
Scene
(In Rick’s home, his father is reading his report card)
Mr. J
(As Rick is leaving) Rick what the hell is this?
Rick
(Sarcasticly) A report card. (Mr. J slaps him and Rick is taken back)
Mr. J
You got a C+ in Pre-cal? How do you expect colleges to look at you with grades like this?
Rick
Dad I’m trying. This class is too hard for me, I’m thinking about switching to an easier math class.
Mr. J
Oh no you don’t!! I’ll go figure skating in hell the day my son takes the easy way out. Maybe if it’s so hard maybe you should stop going out at night. Actually that’s perfect your grounded until this C+ is at least a B or higher.
Rick
Dad you can’t ground me for that!!
Mr. J
Watch me….it’s done.
Rick
God damn it dad!! I bust my ass at school and just because I get a C+ in pre-cal your going to ground me? I practice all afternoon on my game, then I come home and do my homework. When I’m done with my homework I like to go out and relax alright? I’m going over Michelle’s.
Mr. J
You’ll do whatever I damn well tell you to do. I am your father or have you forgotten. You know you can’t expect DUKE or UCLA to look at you when….
Rick
Dad would you stop it? Did it ever occur to you that I may not want to go to college to play basketball??!! NO! You don’t give a damn what I think!! You never did!! Your just so damn stuck on the idea that I’m going to be this all-star basketball player. This is my life and I’m going to do what I damn well feel like doing.
Mr. J
Son why don’t you get some sleep you’ve had a long day. You need to be rested for your big game tomorrow. I remember when used to play ball…
Rick
Dad!! Would you get off my back!! I can’t take this bullshit anymore!! Just because you wasted your life doesn’t mean you can waste mine. Now stay out of my life!!
Mr. J
Rick come back here! I forbid you to leave!! (Rick continues) If you don’t stop I’m gonna…(Grabs Ricks arm)
Rick
Hit me dad go ahead…Will that make you feel like a real man? Huh? Beating on your only son? You don’t scare me anymore (Father slaps him)
(Rick walks offstage)(Mr. J looks at his hands in realization of what he has done
Mr. J
Rick I’m sorry…(But Rick is already gone)
Scene 4
(Next day at school Julie meets Rick in a hallway, Rick looks exhausted)
Julie
Rick are you alright?
Rick
No I’m not. I just studied my ass off for this test. I hate this class. I don’t know what to do anymore. (Mike enters)
Julie
Rick try not to worry things will get better. Things are…
Mike
(Interrupting)
Buddy what’s up? Ready for the big game?
Rick
Yeah I guess so.
Mike
What do you mean you guess so? We are going to tear these guys apart!! First we have to concentrate on…
Julie
(Cutting Mike off) Listen I need to go talk with Mr. Renfield about my project. Rick things will look up soon enough alright…Talk to you guys soon.
Rick
Thanks Julie
Mike
What were we talking about?... Yeah the game…(Noticing that Rick is not paying attention at all) Thank god this disease cleared up fast I don’t know what I was going to tell Julie..(Rick still not looking) Rick what’s up with you?
Rick
Nothin dude I’m fine.
Mike
Rick man you have got to get your head out of the clouds. We have to concentrate on this game, if we lose it’s all over us. I have to run but I’ll pick you up for school tomorrow at about quarter of 7 alright? (Begins to walk offstage left) Alright?
Rick
Yeah yeah of course (Pulls the flask out of the bag and takes a drink)
Scene 5
(Ricks room…There are empty bottles around him, he is unconscious)
Mike
(Knocking but no one answering) Rick buddy are you re….(He stops and see’s rick is out cold) RICK!! Come on don’t do this!! (Picks up a bottle and looks at it) Damn it Rick not now. God please wake up we have a game tonight!! You selfish son of a bitch get up!! (Mike tries to get Rick up but Rick can barely stand) Snap out of it Rick. If you don’t go to school then you can’t play in the game tonight!! Damn it!! I’m getting Michelle and Julie for help I don’t know what to do (Mike walks offstage and the lights go out)
(Julie and Michelle walk in with Mike, Michelle goes directly to Rick)
Michelle
Not again.
Mike
What do you mean again?
Michelle
I didn’t want to say anything because I didn’t want him to get into trouble. He’s been drinking a lot when things would bother him too much. He’s been getting more and more depressed lately and I don’t know what to do. Sometimes he gets so distant that it scares me.
Mike
You didn’t want to get him in trouble? What the hell do you think this is for him? Would you mind explaining that to me. What the hell is wrong with you michelle!!
Michelle
Mike listen Rick is…
Mike
No!! You listen! Tonight’s game against Oakridge is the most important game of the season! And now thanks to this little bastard here, we’ll probably lose without him!! Not to mention the fact that…
Michelle
IT’S JUST A GAME!!
Mike
IT’S Not JUST A GAME!!!
Julie
Michael calm down!! There’s no need to yell at her for what he did!
Mike
You stay out of this! I will never forgive him for this!! I have always been there for him, if things were that bad why didn’t he come to ME for help?? I have done nothing but make excuses for him lately and I’m sick of it!! Julie let’s go I have to get the coach and see if there is a way around this.
Julie
I’m sorry Michelle I’ll talk to him.
Julie
(Lights come up on Julie)
I felt so sorry for Rick. His parents say nothing now but “If we only knew, If we only understood” If this ,or If that. But nothing in the world can bring him back now. Mike….he’s torn up with guilt hating himself saying that it is his fault why Rick is gone. Michelle is seeing a psychiatrist now because she is emotionally unstable and was just recently put on medication to calm her down. She blames herself fully for Rick killing himself. She hates herself for leaving him and will never forgive herself for hurting him. But personally, I feel that if his parents for just one time in his life would treat him like a son and tell him “I love you” or god forbid give him a hug and make him feel wanted maybe he would still be here today.
(Michelle remains helping Rick get back into the bed. She gets up to leave)
Michelle
Goodbye Rick (Realizing that he cannot hear her)
(Blackout)
Scene 6
(After school the next day Michelle and Julie are walking outside by the school Julie is trying to console Michelle)
Julie
Michelle there’s nothing that you can do about it. All you can do is tell him how you feel and ask him to stop.
Michelle
Don’t you think that I have tried that? He won’t listen to me no matter what I say. He wasn’t conscious at all this morning and I am really getting worried.(Rick enter’s from offstage left as if in a hurry) Rick!! Honey are you alright?? Are you feeling better?? (Mike is entering pre-occupied from stage right)
Rick
Leave me alone!!(Shrugs them off and rushes by)
Julie
Mike he looks horrible go and talk with him.
Mike
To hell with him!
Julie
Michael Damn it. He is your best friend stop this childishness and go talk with him right now!!
Mike
Alright I’ll talk to him!! (Girls exit with Mike)(Curtain opens and we see Rick sitting on a park bench with flask in hand)
Mike
Rick whats happening to you? (No response) Rick? Rick I’m talking to you!!
Rick
Did I ask?
Mike
What the hell is the matter with you?(Grabs Rick’s flask) Can’t you see that this is going to kill you?
Rick
(Furious) When I want your opinion I’ll ask for it!! Don’t you dare pretend to be my friend after what you said to me this morning. Michelle told me everything so you can just hand that back and go and waste your breathe someplace else.
Mike
What so you can drink yourself to death the hell I will!!
Rick
You have no idea what I am going through alright…You just walk one mile in my shoes then maybe….
Mike
I have Rick, Its called responsibility and maybe if you’d stop feeling so gad damn sorry for yourself maybe you’d see that life isn’t so bad. (Michelle enters as Mike holds up the flask) This is not the answer!! Why won’t you let us help you!!
MIKE
Rick!!
Michelle
Mike stop it!
Mike
To hell with you drink yourself to death for all I care. I’m outta here.(Storms off)
Michelle
Mike come back you don’t have to leave (Tries to stop him)
Mike
Whatever …Have fun
Michelle
I can’t take this anymore Rick! Why do you have to hate yourself to the point that you won’t let ….(Rick cuts her off)
Rick
Don’t start I don’t need this. Not from you!!
Michelle
Why are you doing this to yourself?? Why won’t you let me help? Rick Jameson I love you doesn’t that mean anything to you? (No response from Rick as he turns)
Michelle
Fine!! If you don’t want me in your life then I certainly don’t want you in mine!! Take your ring back…Take it!! I don’t know what it is going to take for you to stop feeling so damn sorry for yourself but at this point I don’t care anymore. And don’t even bother calling me because I have nothing to say to you EVER!!
Scene 7
(Rick does this monologue down stage center as characters are mentioned they appear down stage right and left frozen)
Rick
You know I often tell myself that when something bad happens that it’s one of gods little ways to test our faith. For I have always been taught that when the unfortunate does happen that he would always walk with us no matter how bad things may get.Well I could contradict that, What are the chances of pissing off EVERY single person you come across on a daily basis? I mean I swear that I must have a special talent for this. (Parents freeze) I mean you saw my father, he makes himself out to be some Yale graduate when according to my mother he barely graduated high school. I love my mother but not once when my father got upset did she ever stand up for me. Sometimes I wondered f she ever cared at all. (Parents frozen in light are replaced by Mike and Juli) Mike…we were best friends for along time. But things always had to be his way. I had enough people telling me what to do than to add another so as you can imagine we started to drift apart as friends. Where as Julie is a kind hearted soul whom with whom I wish I got to be closer to. The only reason’s why we were really friends was through Mike. I cannot see anything but jealousy when I see them both because I would give anything to have loving parent’s like they had. To have parent’s who love and encourage me wait I know what your thinking..Michelle right? Michelle is an angel with whom I love very much. She doesn’t love me she pities me, I can see it in her eyes. She is the kindest soul that I have ever known and therefore do not deserve her. Father can’t you hear me? Where are you? Have I done so wrong that I have angered you as well? Well if I upset everyone around here this much and cause them to be that miserable I understand what must be done.
(Blackout)
Scene 8
Ms. J
Honey do you know what has been bothering Rick? He seemed a little upset when he came in this afternoon. Besides he’s locked himself in his room for some reason.
Mr. J
He’ll get over it. (Not concerned)
Ms. J
By the way honey I thought your bottom drawer was always locked.
Mr. J
It always is locked why?? (Starting to show interest)
Ms. J
Because I just came from our room and it was open……
Mr. J
My God!! Rick !!
MS. J
Honey what’s wrong?? Honey what’s happening?
(After Ms. J runs offstage you hear Mr. J scream then a gunshot ring out)
(Lights go out as the final progresses to Elton John’s “The Last Song”)
Julie Our father who art in heaven,
MR. Jameson Hallowed be thy name,
MRS. Jameson IN UNISON Thy kingdom come,
Mike
Michelle
MR. and MRS. Jameson Thy
Julie Will
Mike Be
Michelle Done
Curtain call.
This play was written by me entirely
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“THY WILL BE DONE”
Scene 1 (Rick is sitting center stage, hands out of sight, speaking with god in anguish)
Rick
Father I do not understand. I have tried to follow you but I have failed. All I asked was to be like everyone else. Why have you abandoned me?? Father I can’t do this anymore.
Our father who art in heaven,
Hallowed be thy name,
Thy will be done..(Raises his right hand in which we now see a gun, places it to his head)
MR.J
NOOOOOOOOO!!
(Blackout)(Loud gunshot rings through audience)
(Lights come up on Julie doing homework as we hear a knock on her door)
Julie
Mike what’s up? (Mike stand speechless)
Michael what’s wrong!! Michael YOUR SCARING ME!!
Mike
I should have seen this coming…I should have known
Julie
What should you have known?
Mike
He ended it…He ended everything. (Julie still not understanding)
Julie
Michael just tell me what is going on please…MIKE!! (Grabbing him) MICHAEL HE WHAT!!! TELL ME!!!
Mike
He’s gone! He took his father’s gun and shot himself!! After all we’ve been through. I’m responsible for this. This is all my fault. (They embrace)
Julie
What will we do now?
Mike
Julie has been wonderful to me ever since we started seeing each other about years ago. She means the world to me and I would do anything for her, as I would do for any of my closest friends.(Spotlight on Rick) WHY!! Why did you do this to us? Why couldn’t you come and talk to me!! (Back to the audience) I’m not really sure where we really went wrong. We have been friends forever and I know everything about him and it kills me that I didn’t see this coming. I would have to say looking back that the first sign of anything would have to be the day of our rally for the big basketball game that we had coming up.
Scene
(Lights come up Rick joins Mike walking back from the rally)
Mike
You know I think that rally was the best one that we have had yet.
Rick
You know everyone is going to be at that game. Then after we crush Oakridge it’s off to districts. Nothing can stop us now. (Slap each other five) Is Julie coming tomorrow night?
Mike
(Stopping to tie his shoes)
She better be there I went to everyone of her damn volleyball games and I hate volleyball. Hey man I almost forgot, Julie’s birthday is coming up in a couple of weeks and I want you and Michelle to have dinner with us.
Rick
Where?
Mike
Don’t know I haven’t decided yet. You candles, some soft music, the works and I want both of you there. (Rick pulls a flask out of his bag) Want some? Have a sip.
Mike
No man I thought we had talked about that.
Rick
We did I don’t all the time …Take it easy
Mike
Yeah well you do it a hell of a lot more than you used to.
Rick
Don’t worry about me dude I can take care of myself.
Mike
Do your parents know about this yet?
(Rick laughs)
Rick
Do you think I would still be alive if my parents knew about this. Holy God!
Mike
I’ll take that as a no.
Rick
I thought that my dad was going to kill me when I told him that Michelle and have been sleeping together.
Mike
He knows?
Rick
Oh yeah knows. I had to remind him to breath a couple of times because his face was turning colors but I told him.
Mike
Why did you tell him?
Rick
Well he would have found out one way or the other. My mother walked in on us having sex one afternoon last week. I was hoping that she hasn’t had sex in so long that she would have forgotten what it looks like but that was doubtful. SO I thought it best if I told him myself.
Mike
Good thinking.
Rick
My dad is such a loser. All he ever talks about is him wanting me to be some pro basketball player you know? He used to hit me ALL the time because I supposedly “Asked for it”. I don’t recall ever saying “if you don’t mind would you knock me around the house? I mean if you have a minute?” I’m afraid one day he’s really going to hurt me. He shouldn’t be too upset with my grades this term. I got all A’s and B’s except for one C+ in Pre Calculus. Mike man I don’t know, Lately it’s been so hard to keep my grades up. Pleasing my parent’s would take a miracle from the almighty, nevermind playing basketball. That’s why I resort to a drink to relax me you see? It actually help’s me more than anything else.
Mike
Well I don’t know about that. Just don’t let it control your life alright? (Michelle joins them on stage)
Rick
Trust me alright? Look I have to go, give me a call later on tonight alright man? (Shake hands)
Mike
Cool. I’ll give you a call when I get from Julie’s. Michelle what’s up?
Michelle
Not much what have you been up to?
Mike
Not much where have you been hiding?
Michelle
You know how it is, work, termpapers, nevermind college.
Mike
Damn I hear that. Guy’s I have to run I’ll talk to you guys later alright? (Michelle and Rick walk offstage)(Lights come up as they walk on stage)
Michelle
Rick do you want to come over tonight and watch a movie with me?
Rick
Sure which one?
Michelle
I can’t think of the name, it came out a little while ago with Vin Diesil and someone else I can’t think of. I heard it was really good it will give us a chance to be together for a little while.
Rick
Great. What time should I come over?
Michelle
How about 70?
Rick
What time is it now?
Michelle
It’s about quarter to six.
Rick
Great let me go home and check in with my folks and I’ll be over o.k?
Michelle
Great (Michelle begins her monologue and a light comes up on Rick)
Michelle
I could never tell what was wrong with him I was always afraid to ask. I thought that it might be his parents, they are always arguing with him about everything no matter hoe insignificant the subject may seem. He would always be upset when he would come over and I would try to cheer him up, but instead we would always end up fighting over something. I love him but I couldn’t take his drinking anymore. When he started to drink it didn’t seem to be too much of a problem but now it has taken over his life. He kept on getting more and more distant to the point that he thought that no one cared for him. I tried to be there for him but he just wouldn’t let me. I didn’t know what to do!! I didn’t know what to say!! You don’t know how this feels!! (Pointing to audience) And now he’s gone and it’s all my fault!!
Scene
(In Rick’s home, his father is reading his report card)
Mr. J
(As Rick is leaving) Rick what the hell is this?
Rick
(Sarcasticly) A report card. (Mr. J slaps him and Rick is taken back)
Mr. J
You got a C+ in Pre-cal? How do you expect colleges to look at you with grades like this?
Rick
Dad I’m trying. This class is too hard for me, I’m thinking about switching to an easier math class.
Mr. J
Oh no you don’t!! I’ll go figure skating in hell the day my son takes the easy way out. Maybe if it’s so hard maybe you should stop going out at night. Actually that’s perfect your grounded until this C+ is at least a B or higher.
Rick
Dad you can’t ground me for that!!
Mr. J
Watch me….it’s done.
Rick
God damn it dad!! I bust my ass at school and just because I get a C+ in pre-cal your going to ground me? I practice all afternoon on my game, then I come home and do my homework. When I’m done with my homework I like to go out and relax alright? I’m going over Michelle’s.
Mr. J
You’ll do whatever I damn well tell you to do. I am your father or have you forgotten. You know you can’t expect DUKE or UCLA to look at you when….
Rick
Dad would you stop it? Did it ever occur to you that I may not want to go to college to play basketball??!! NO! You don’t give a damn what I think!! You never did!! Your just so damn stuck on the idea that I’m going to be this all-star basketball player. This is my life and I’m going to do what I damn well feel like doing.
Mr. J
Son why don’t you get some sleep you’ve had a long day. You need to be rested for your big game tomorrow. I remember when used to play ball…
Rick
Dad!! Would you get off my back!! I can’t take this bullshit anymore!! Just because you wasted your life doesn’t mean you can waste mine. Now stay out of my life!!
Mr. J
Rick come back here! I forbid you to leave!! (Rick continues) If you don’t stop I’m gonna…(Grabs Ricks arm)
Rick
Hit me dad go ahead…Will that make you feel like a real man? Huh? Beating on your only son? You don’t scare me anymore (Father slaps him)
(Rick walks offstage)(Mr. J looks at his hands in realization of what he has done
Mr. J
Rick I’m sorry…(But Rick is already gone)
Scene 4
(Next day at school Julie meets Rick in a hallway, Rick looks exhausted)
Julie
Rick are you alright?
Rick
No I’m not. I just studied my ass off for this test. I hate this class. I don’t know what to do anymore. (Mike enters)
Julie
Rick try not to worry things will get better. Things are…
Mike
(Interrupting)
Buddy what’s up? Ready for the big game?
Rick
Yeah I guess so.
Mike
What do you mean you guess so? We are going to tear these guys apart!! First we have to concentrate on…
Julie
(Cutting Mike off) Listen I need to go talk with Mr. Renfield about my project. Rick things will look up soon enough alright…Talk to you guys soon.
Rick
Thanks Julie
Mike
What were we talking about?... Yeah the game…(Noticing that Rick is not paying attention at all) Thank god this disease cleared up fast I don’t know what I was going to tell Julie..(Rick still not looking) Rick what’s up with you?
Rick
Nothin dude I’m fine.
Mike
Rick man you have got to get your head out of the clouds. We have to concentrate on this game, if we lose it’s all over us. I have to run but I’ll pick you up for school tomorrow at about quarter of 7 alright? (Begins to walk offstage left) Alright?
Rick
Yeah yeah of course (Pulls the flask out of the bag and takes a drink)
Scene 5
(Ricks room…There are empty bottles around him, he is unconscious)
Mike
(Knocking but no one answering) Rick buddy are you re….(He stops and see’s rick is out cold) RICK!! Come on don’t do this!! (Picks up a bottle and looks at it) Damn it Rick not now. God please wake up we have a game tonight!! You selfish son of a bitch get up!! (Mike tries to get Rick up but Rick can barely stand) Snap out of it Rick. If you don’t go to school then you can’t play in the game tonight!! Damn it!! I’m getting Michelle and Julie for help I don’t know what to do (Mike walks offstage and the lights go out)
(Julie and Michelle walk in with Mike, Michelle goes directly to Rick)
Michelle
Not again.
Mike
What do you mean again?
Michelle
I didn’t want to say anything because I didn’t want him to get into trouble. He’s been drinking a lot when things would bother him too much. He’s been getting more and more depressed lately and I don’t know what to do. Sometimes he gets so distant that it scares me.
Mike
You didn’t want to get him in trouble? What the hell do you think this is for him? Would you mind explaining that to me. What the hell is wrong with you michelle!!
Michelle
Mike listen Rick is…
Mike
No!! You listen! Tonight’s game against Oakridge is the most important game of the season! And now thanks to this little bastard here, we’ll probably lose without him!! Not to mention the fact that…
Michelle
IT’S JUST A GAME!!
Mike
IT’S Not JUST A GAME!!!
Julie
Michael calm down!! There’s no need to yell at her for what he did!
Mike
You stay out of this! I will never forgive him for this!! I have always been there for him, if things were that bad why didn’t he come to ME for help?? I have done nothing but make excuses for him lately and I’m sick of it!! Julie let’s go I have to get the coach and see if there is a way around this.
Julie
I’m sorry Michelle I’ll talk to him.
Julie
(Lights come up on Julie)
I felt so sorry for Rick. His parents say nothing now but “If we only knew, If we only understood” If this ,or If that. But nothing in the world can bring him back now. Mike….he’s torn up with guilt hating himself saying that it is his fault why Rick is gone. Michelle is seeing a psychiatrist now because she is emotionally unstable and was just recently put on medication to calm her down. She blames herself fully for Rick killing himself. She hates herself for leaving him and will never forgive herself for hurting him. But personally, I feel that if his parents for just one time in his life would treat him like a son and tell him “I love you” or god forbid give him a hug and make him feel wanted maybe he would still be here today.
(Michelle remains helping Rick get back into the bed. She gets up to leave)
Michelle
Goodbye Rick (Realizing that he cannot hear her)
(Blackout)
Scene 6
(After school the next day Michelle and Julie are walking outside by the school Julie is trying to console Michelle)
Julie
Michelle there’s nothing that you can do about it. All you can do is tell him how you feel and ask him to stop.
Michelle
Don’t you think that I have tried that? He won’t listen to me no matter what I say. He wasn’t conscious at all this morning and I am really getting worried.(Rick enter’s from offstage left as if in a hurry) Rick!! Honey are you alright?? Are you feeling better?? (Mike is entering pre-occupied from stage right)
Rick
Leave me alone!!(Shrugs them off and rushes by)
Julie
Mike he looks horrible go and talk with him.
Mike
To hell with him!
Julie
Michael Damn it. He is your best friend stop this childishness and go talk with him right now!!
Mike
Alright I’ll talk to him!! (Girls exit with Mike)(Curtain opens and we see Rick sitting on a park bench with flask in hand)
Mike
Rick whats happening to you? (No response) Rick? Rick I’m talking to you!!
Rick
Did I ask?
Mike
What the hell is the matter with you?(Grabs Rick’s flask) Can’t you see that this is going to kill you?
Rick
(Furious) When I want your opinion I’ll ask for it!! Don’t you dare pretend to be my friend after what you said to me this morning. Michelle told me everything so you can just hand that back and go and waste your breathe someplace else.
Mike
What so you can drink yourself to death the hell I will!!
Rick
You have no idea what I am going through alright…You just walk one mile in my shoes then maybe….
Mike
I have Rick, Its called responsibility and maybe if you’d stop feeling so gad damn sorry for yourself maybe you’d see that life isn’t so bad. (Michelle enters as Mike holds up the flask) This is not the answer!! Why won’t you let us help you!!
MIKE
Rick!!
Michelle
Mike stop it!
Mike
To hell with you drink yourself to death for all I care. I’m outta here.(Storms off)
Michelle
Mike come back you don’t have to leave (Tries to stop him)
Mike
Whatever …Have fun
Michelle
I can’t take this anymore Rick! Why do you have to hate yourself to the point that you won’t let ….(Rick cuts her off)
Rick
Don’t start I don’t need this. Not from you!!
Michelle
Why are you doing this to yourself?? Why won’t you let me help? Rick Jameson I love you doesn’t that mean anything to you? (No response from Rick as he turns)
Michelle
Fine!! If you don’t want me in your life then I certainly don’t want you in mine!! Take your ring back…Take it!! I don’t know what it is going to take for you to stop feeling so damn sorry for yourself but at this point I don’t care anymore. And don’t even bother calling me because I have nothing to say to you EVER!!
Scene 7
(Rick does this monologue down stage center as characters are mentioned they appear down stage right and left frozen)
Rick
You know I often tell myself that when something bad happens that it’s one of gods little ways to test our faith. For I have always been taught that when the unfortunate does happen that he would always walk with us no matter how bad things may get.Well I could contradict that, What are the chances of pissing off EVERY single person you come across on a daily basis? I mean I swear that I must have a special talent for this. (Parents freeze) I mean you saw my father, he makes himself out to be some Yale graduate when according to my mother he barely graduated high school. I love my mother but not once when my father got upset did she ever stand up for me. Sometimes I wondered f she ever cared at all. (Parents frozen in light are replaced by Mike and Juli) Mike…we were best friends for along time. But things always had to be his way. I had enough people telling me what to do than to add another so as you can imagine we started to drift apart as friends. Where as Julie is a kind hearted soul whom with whom I wish I got to be closer to. The only reason’s why we were really friends was through Mike. I cannot see anything but jealousy when I see them both because I would give anything to have loving parent’s like they had. To have parent’s who love and encourage me wait I know what your thinking..Michelle right? Michelle is an angel with whom I love very much. She doesn’t love me she pities me, I can see it in her eyes. She is the kindest soul that I have ever known and therefore do not deserve her. Father can’t you hear me? Where are you? Have I done so wrong that I have angered you as well? Well if I upset everyone around here this much and cause them to be that miserable I understand what must be done.
(Blackout)
Scene 8
Ms. J
Honey do you know what has been bothering Rick? He seemed a little upset when he came in this afternoon. Besides he’s locked himself in his room for some reason.
Mr. J
He’ll get over it. (Not concerned)
Ms. J
By the way honey I thought your bottom drawer was always locked.
Mr. J
It always is locked why?? (Starting to show interest)
Ms. J
Because I just came from our room and it was open……
Mr. J
My God!! Rick !!
MS. J
Honey what’s wrong?? Honey what’s happening?
(After Ms. J runs offstage you hear Mr. J scream then a gunshot ring out)
(Lights go out as the final progresses to Elton John’s “The Last Song”)
Julie Our father who art in heaven,
MR. Jameson Hallowed be thy name,
MRS. Jameson IN UNISON Thy kingdom come,
Mike
Michelle
MR. and MRS. Jameson Thy
Julie Will
Mike Be
Michelle Done
Curtain call.
This play was written by me entirely
Mind that the sample papers like Thy Will be Done presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Thursday, May 17, 2012
Spartan Economy
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Explain the main features of the Spartan Economy. [5 Marks]
In Sparta, the economy meant two things the system of wealth creation and the state of the countrys prosperity. The economy has four essential features, natural resources, economic objectives (military state), distribution of land and the roles of Perioikoi and Helots. These features are inter-related and work together in order to achieve the economic objective, which was to maintain a military dominance. This priority of maintaining a military state, and the ineffectiveness of some of these structures eventually led to the decline of the Spartan economy.
The geography of Sparta enabled provision of sufficient resources to the Spartans. The lands of Laconia and Messene, which were captured by Spartans (and the Laconians and Messenians enslaved/subjugated) became a good food source for Sparta.
These two regions had good agricultural land which provided crops in abundance. These crops included barley, wheat, grapes and figs. Apart from the agricultural products, they also provided meat, as they grazed sheep, goats and pigs, which also supplied products such as milk, skins, wool, hair, fat, cheese etc. Iron, needed for weapons and armours was found in the Spartan territory itself, although they did have to import copper and tin to make bronze, which may have been for manufacturing utensils, statues, etc. Thus, it could be concluded that Sparta was a self sufficient area enclosed by natural barriers which protected rather than isolated it.
In Sparta, everything served a military purpose, everything subordinated to the art of war. The sole aim was to create invincible warriors and military dominance was maintained. Therefore, the economy was designed to ensure that hoplite classes ( heavily armed foot soldiers or infantrymen) of Spartiates and Perioikoi (dwellers around, sometimes made to fight in war for Sparta) were rich enough to maintain a high level of professional training and equipment. Each Spartiate, therefore had to have a minimum income to pay for his mess dues and the state had to have income to pay for armour and equipment. This was achieved through the exploitation of Helots who produced foodstuff that paid the mess dues, and was used to trade with Perioikoi that provided the armour and manufactured the goods needed by the Spartans. Thus everything was provided by the Helots, and the Perioikoi, thus making the Spartan economy depend on this supply, in order to maintain the military ! training needed.
In order to concentrate on military activities, citizens had to be free from the responsibility of providing for himself and his family. Therefore, these men owned a plot of land and were expected to make contributions to the mess from the produce of their land. All land controlled by Spartans was divided into allotments each Spartiate held a portion of the land (the kleros), which were passed from father to son, and could not be sold. The community also owned common land which could be sold and divided, which led to inequalities in wealth, and made communism superficial. This is the one feature of the Spartan economy, which proved ineffective as time went by, and contributed ultimately, to its decline.
Again, as the Spartiates had military priorities, they could not cultivate the land themselves, but the Helots did. The Helots, were the local inhabitants of Laconia and Messene owned by the Spartan state. They were required to work the land for their Spartan masters in total subjection. In other words they were state - owned serfs with no political and legal rights. Of the produce, the owner was entitled to 105 bushels of corn for himself, and twelve bushels for his wife, along with some wine and fruit. All that remained, the Helots could retain for themselves, in return, providing aid and servants to Spartiates in war.
The Spartiates needed this produce for two things to maintain the household, and to make a contribution to the mess, the syssition. The nature of contribution included each Spartiate contributing barley meal, wine, cheese, and figs and sums of money for fish or meat. Thus there was a certain interdependency between the Helots and the Spartiates, discipline necessitated the existence of Helots and existence of Helots necessitated discipline. Therefore, the Helots by doing their share of the work, enabled the Spartiates to maintain the equality in and contributions made to the Syssition, by which the Spartan economy functioned properly.
The Perioikoi or dwellers around were people living in towns and villages in Laconia and Messenia. They were free to live their lives as they wished although they were under the Spartan control. They took no part in Spartan government and were expected to fight for Sparta when a military emergency arose. They were also responsible for mining, manufacturing and commerce. All the minerals and marine resources of Laconia and Messene were in the hands of the Perioikoi. They procured metals and manufactured weapons. According to Pliny and Herodotus, they made shoes, purple garments and objects of wool and linen. Gytheum was the main centre for delivery of imports and exports and this was controlled by the Perioikoi. As a result of the fact that currency of exchange was iron bas, the Spartans had no means of purchasing foreign goods so exchange was limited to essential items such as copper and tin to make bronze. Wool and flax tiles were also exported, pottery and bro! nze work exported to other Greek states. They made or imported chariots. They also shared in land division. According to Plutarch, Lycurgus distributed 0,000 allotments to individuals. Most Laconian craftsmen were also Perioikoi.
Evidence of the Perioikoi came in the form of archaeological artefacts. Examples include bronze figurines of Hermes, engraved gems, limestone funerary relief, marble - hero relief, bronze figurine of bull, all found in Perioikic states. Therefore, the Perioikoi played a vital role in the economy, as they provided hoplites, procured metals, manufactured weapons, and manufactured clothing and other goods, all the essential ingredients of a military dominant state. Profits from trade and activities also went to Perioikic towns such as Gytheum.
The economy of Sparta began to crumble in the 5th Century. There are a number of reasons for this. The numbers of full citizens started declining rapidly. This occurred due to several factors they died in the invasions against the Persians, they did in the earthquake of 468 BC, death due to revolts among Helots, and due t the fact that the relationships between Perioikoi and Spartiates declined, which was critical to the economy. Other reasons for the decline of the economy include, heavy and expensive involvement in war, expensive involvement in chariot racing, through combined effect of inheritance limit to children and dynastic marriage, the land holdings went in the hands of few. The hatred of the Spartan class grew, few enjoyed benefits of land and the result was, disaster for Sparta.
Therefore, the sole aim of the economy was to maintain and efficiently run a military dominant state. Several factors such as the extreme interdependency between the groups such as Spartiates dependence on the Helots and the Perioikoi and other factors contributed and eventually led to the decline of the Military Dominant Spartan Economy.
Mind that the sample papers like Spartan Economy presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Explain the main features of the Spartan Economy. [5 Marks]
In Sparta, the economy meant two things the system of wealth creation and the state of the countrys prosperity. The economy has four essential features, natural resources, economic objectives (military state), distribution of land and the roles of Perioikoi and Helots. These features are inter-related and work together in order to achieve the economic objective, which was to maintain a military dominance. This priority of maintaining a military state, and the ineffectiveness of some of these structures eventually led to the decline of the Spartan economy.
The geography of Sparta enabled provision of sufficient resources to the Spartans. The lands of Laconia and Messene, which were captured by Spartans (and the Laconians and Messenians enslaved/subjugated) became a good food source for Sparta.
These two regions had good agricultural land which provided crops in abundance. These crops included barley, wheat, grapes and figs. Apart from the agricultural products, they also provided meat, as they grazed sheep, goats and pigs, which also supplied products such as milk, skins, wool, hair, fat, cheese etc. Iron, needed for weapons and armours was found in the Spartan territory itself, although they did have to import copper and tin to make bronze, which may have been for manufacturing utensils, statues, etc. Thus, it could be concluded that Sparta was a self sufficient area enclosed by natural barriers which protected rather than isolated it.
In Sparta, everything served a military purpose, everything subordinated to the art of war. The sole aim was to create invincible warriors and military dominance was maintained. Therefore, the economy was designed to ensure that hoplite classes ( heavily armed foot soldiers or infantrymen) of Spartiates and Perioikoi (dwellers around, sometimes made to fight in war for Sparta) were rich enough to maintain a high level of professional training and equipment. Each Spartiate, therefore had to have a minimum income to pay for his mess dues and the state had to have income to pay for armour and equipment. This was achieved through the exploitation of Helots who produced foodstuff that paid the mess dues, and was used to trade with Perioikoi that provided the armour and manufactured the goods needed by the Spartans. Thus everything was provided by the Helots, and the Perioikoi, thus making the Spartan economy depend on this supply, in order to maintain the military ! training needed.
In order to concentrate on military activities, citizens had to be free from the responsibility of providing for himself and his family. Therefore, these men owned a plot of land and were expected to make contributions to the mess from the produce of their land. All land controlled by Spartans was divided into allotments each Spartiate held a portion of the land (the kleros), which were passed from father to son, and could not be sold. The community also owned common land which could be sold and divided, which led to inequalities in wealth, and made communism superficial. This is the one feature of the Spartan economy, which proved ineffective as time went by, and contributed ultimately, to its decline.
Again, as the Spartiates had military priorities, they could not cultivate the land themselves, but the Helots did. The Helots, were the local inhabitants of Laconia and Messene owned by the Spartan state. They were required to work the land for their Spartan masters in total subjection. In other words they were state - owned serfs with no political and legal rights. Of the produce, the owner was entitled to 105 bushels of corn for himself, and twelve bushels for his wife, along with some wine and fruit. All that remained, the Helots could retain for themselves, in return, providing aid and servants to Spartiates in war.
The Spartiates needed this produce for two things to maintain the household, and to make a contribution to the mess, the syssition. The nature of contribution included each Spartiate contributing barley meal, wine, cheese, and figs and sums of money for fish or meat. Thus there was a certain interdependency between the Helots and the Spartiates, discipline necessitated the existence of Helots and existence of Helots necessitated discipline. Therefore, the Helots by doing their share of the work, enabled the Spartiates to maintain the equality in and contributions made to the Syssition, by which the Spartan economy functioned properly.
The Perioikoi or dwellers around were people living in towns and villages in Laconia and Messenia. They were free to live their lives as they wished although they were under the Spartan control. They took no part in Spartan government and were expected to fight for Sparta when a military emergency arose. They were also responsible for mining, manufacturing and commerce. All the minerals and marine resources of Laconia and Messene were in the hands of the Perioikoi. They procured metals and manufactured weapons. According to Pliny and Herodotus, they made shoes, purple garments and objects of wool and linen. Gytheum was the main centre for delivery of imports and exports and this was controlled by the Perioikoi. As a result of the fact that currency of exchange was iron bas, the Spartans had no means of purchasing foreign goods so exchange was limited to essential items such as copper and tin to make bronze. Wool and flax tiles were also exported, pottery and bro! nze work exported to other Greek states. They made or imported chariots. They also shared in land division. According to Plutarch, Lycurgus distributed 0,000 allotments to individuals. Most Laconian craftsmen were also Perioikoi.
Evidence of the Perioikoi came in the form of archaeological artefacts. Examples include bronze figurines of Hermes, engraved gems, limestone funerary relief, marble - hero relief, bronze figurine of bull, all found in Perioikic states. Therefore, the Perioikoi played a vital role in the economy, as they provided hoplites, procured metals, manufactured weapons, and manufactured clothing and other goods, all the essential ingredients of a military dominant state. Profits from trade and activities also went to Perioikic towns such as Gytheum.
The economy of Sparta began to crumble in the 5th Century. There are a number of reasons for this. The numbers of full citizens started declining rapidly. This occurred due to several factors they died in the invasions against the Persians, they did in the earthquake of 468 BC, death due to revolts among Helots, and due t the fact that the relationships between Perioikoi and Spartiates declined, which was critical to the economy. Other reasons for the decline of the economy include, heavy and expensive involvement in war, expensive involvement in chariot racing, through combined effect of inheritance limit to children and dynastic marriage, the land holdings went in the hands of few. The hatred of the Spartan class grew, few enjoyed benefits of land and the result was, disaster for Sparta.
Therefore, the sole aim of the economy was to maintain and efficiently run a military dominant state. Several factors such as the extreme interdependency between the groups such as Spartiates dependence on the Helots and the Perioikoi and other factors contributed and eventually led to the decline of the Military Dominant Spartan Economy.
Mind that the sample papers like Spartan Economy presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Friday, May 11, 2012
kutta kamina
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like kutta kamina even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like kutta kamina in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
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www.msstate.edu/Entomology/v6n/fall4.html • Refreshed in past 4 hours • Related Pages
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www.knaw.nl/ecpa/grip/pdf/sciencesurvey/..._references.pdf
IFST Guide to Products and Services for the Food Industry
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IFST Guide to Products and Services for the Food Industry
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chutiya
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u r a ass hole...................... ....... ............ .......... ...... ..... .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ..... ..... ....... ..... .... ... ....... .... .....Resistant Pest Management Newsletter
Resistant Pest Management Vol. 6, No. - Winter 14 A Biannual Newsletter of the Pesticide ... 60) and the International Organization for Pest Resistant Management (IOPRM) Editors M. Whalon ...
www.msstate.edu/Entomology/v6n/fall4.html • Refreshed in past 4 hours • Related Pages
More pages from www.msstate.edu
... Future for Urban Pest Control. The Pesticides News, No. , December 1. The Pesticides Trust. London, U.K.
... 1. The Pesticides Trust. London, U.K. Bright Future for Urban Pest Control Insect pests in the urban ... of computer based spatial analysis tools for monitoring cockroach populations ...
www.panna.org/resources/pestis/PESTIS.15.7.html
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Corn gluten meal and corn gluten hydrolysate for weed control
... the search for natural products (Cardellina, 188). Weeds were considered the most important pest group for farmers interested in lowering external inputs and avoiding synthetic chemical use. Corn ...
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... Book on Integrated Pest Management and Health Hazards in ... K. Hoel. 18. Risk Analysis Study for a Representative Magnetic ... by S. Clark. Leigh, U.K. Insti- tute of Paper Conservation ...
www.knaw.nl/ecpa/grip/pdf/sciencesurvey/..._references.pdf
IFST Guide to Products and Services for the Food Industry
IFST Guide to Products and Services for the Food Industry ... Consult Ltd The Triangle, 5 Moorbottom Lane Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 4HA U.K.Tel +44 174 551818 Fax +44 174 551818 Contact Dr ...
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Resistant Pest Management Vol. 6, No. - Winter 14 A Biannual Newsletter of the Pesticide ... 60) and the International Organization for Pest Resistant Management (IOPRM) Editors M. Whalon ...
www.msstate.edu/Entomology/v6n/fall4.html • Refreshed in past 4 hours • Related Pages
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... Future for Urban Pest Control. The Pesticides News, No. , December 1. The Pesticides Trust. London, U.K.
... 1. The Pesticides Trust. London, U.K. Bright Future for Urban Pest Control Insect pests in the urban ... of computer based spatial analysis tools for monitoring cockroach populations ...
www.panna.org/resources/pestis/PESTIS.15.7.html
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Corn gluten meal and corn gluten hydrolysate for weed control
... the search for natural products (Cardellina, 188). Weeds were considered the most important pest group for farmers interested in lowering external inputs and avoiding synthetic chemical use. Corn ...
www.gluten.iastate.edu/mcdade.html • Refreshed in past 4 hours • Related Pages
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sciencesurvey_references
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... Book on Integrated Pest Management and Health Hazards in ... K. Hoel. 18. Risk Analysis Study for a Representative Magnetic ... by S. Clark. Leigh, U.K. Insti- tute of Paper Conservation ...
www.knaw.nl/ecpa/grip/pdf/sciencesurvey/..._references.pdf
IFST Guide to Products and Services for the Food Industry
IFST Guide to Products and Services for the Food Industry ... Consult Ltd The Triangle, 5 Moorbottom Lane Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 4HA U.K.Tel +44 174 551818 Fax +44 174 551818 Contact Dr ...
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chutiya
Mind that the sample papers like kutta kamina presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Friday, May 4, 2012
Euthanasia
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Euthanasia even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Euthanasia in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
Euthanasia
Every society is faced with many issues that require sensitivity and understanding. One such issue is the debate over euthanasia, the practice of mercy killing. The need for society to act in a socially responsible manner of this moral issue is critical. Euthanasia is literally a life or death question, creating strong feelings on all sides. That is why there are medical, legal, and moral needs in the United States for society to recognize the right of terminally ill patients or their representatives to direct medical caretakers to withdraw or withhold life sustaining treatment.
There are several medical arguments to be made in favor of euthanasia. In the past, euthanasia was not as open to public debate. This was mostly due to the fact that many terminally ill patients died in their homes without making the public knowledgeable of how their deaths took place. However, as more people move from dying in their homes to dying in hospital beds, doctors become armed with the medical knowledge and technology to prolong a dying person’s life. For this reason, the euthanasia issue is receiving considerable attention in the world of modern medicine.
There are two forms of euthanasia. One being passive euthanasia, where treatment is withheld and the patient is simply allowed to die. The second being active euthanasia and for the sake of the arguments presented in this paper, active euthanasia will be defined as taking some direct action to end a patient’s life. This form of euthanasia is currently illegal in the U.S. except in Oregon. In Oregon there is what is known as the, “Death with Dignity Act,” where a patient can choose to terminate their own life.
According to hospital administrator Larry Larson, “American Medicine is supposed to operate in the best interest of the patient, and by prolonging a life of incurable wretchedness turns that standard upside down” (1). Larson also points out that death is inevitable and because of this, the medical profession should offer a “quick and merciful” medical option to end the life of a dying patient (16). In other words if death is an inevitable product of life, then why should the terminally ill be forced to continue living an existence that does not offer them the qualities that distinguish a vital and functional being from a dead body or inanimate object? Furthermore, Dr. Christian Barnard states, “I believe often that death is a good medical treatment because it can achieve what all the medical advances and technology cannot achieve today, and that is to stop the suffering of the patient (Larson 16).
There is the classic example presented by James Rachels. The patient is dying of incurable cancer and he is experiencing terrible pain, which can no longer be alleviated. He will die within a few days, and the pain is unbearable. So he asks the doctor to end it, and his family agrees with his decision. If the doctor went with the passive form of euthanasia, and agreed to withhold treatment as the current doctrine says he may. However, if the treatment is withheld it may take the patient longer to die and he would suffer more than if direct action were taken. This shows that, once the decision has been made not to prolong his agony, active euthanasia would be preferable to passive euthanasia. To say otherwise would endorse the option that leads to more suffering rather than less (Pojman).
These statements suggest that the physician’s primary goal should be relieving pain and suffering. Yet due to medical technology, as many as 10,000 patients are kept alive through life-sustaining medical treatment (Brennan 6). In order for this situation to change, society must hold the beliefs of medical professional, such as Dr. Bernard, to be true in order for there to be a universal acceptance of the need for medical caretakers to provide relief from pain and suffering.
In addition to sound medical reasons to support active euthanasia, there are also cogent legal issues to support it. Today, it is common for social issues to originate in the courts. For this reason, the legal system--our courts as well as legislatures--is determined to play an active role in deciding the outcomes of the debate over euthanasia. As lawyer James Podgers notes, “News media coverage of decisions in key cases triggers public debate that evolves into consensus, translating finally into legislative action” (60). As long as the courts are destined to decide the fate of our lives, it is important for society to be aware of the legal principles involved with euthanasia.
Central to most arguments for euthanasia is the principle of self-determination. As suggested by critic Daniel Callahan, people are presumed to have an interest in deciding for themselves how they will conduct their lives (5). Just as we have the right to choose our lifestyles, we should also hold the right to decide whether we should continue to live or die. Such a decision can be reached by rationally evaluating the benefits of continued living against the suffering involved. In doing so, we have preserved our own basic right as individuals to direct our lives according to our own principles and morals.
Unfortunately today the involvement of the legal system makes it more difficult for our own wishes to be carried out. Supreme Court Justice William Brennan emphasizes this struggle by stating, “When the courts decide a persons own evaluation of the dying process, they have ignored her values and deprive her of the right to a decision” (6). In addition, Rev. John Paris effectively stresses the need for a person’s self-determination to be respected in regard to the dying process, “In our determination to prolong life at any cost, we have forgotten that dying is a part of the process of living.” These people’s bodies are telling them there really is no purpose in going on, and yet we make them go on. (Larson 18).
In discussing the need for euthanasia, we must consider the moral arguments that society faces today. To begin with, society must distinguish between the act of killing an innocent person and that of euthanasia. Moral philosopher, Richard Brandt, argues that killing human beings ordinarily injures them and violates their preferences. In cases of euthanasia, when both of these conditions are lacking, the killing could be allowable” (4). Richard Brandt also feels that if we are no longer able to be injured we are free to withdraw life sustaining measures while taking positive steps to terminate life; he feels we are morally bound to do this ().
The fact that one person kills another does not automatically make euthanasia wrong. James Rachels is a professor of philosophy at the University of Alabama. He argues that killing someone is not morally worse than letting someone die. If a doctor lets a person die for humane reasons, he is in the same moral position as if he had given the patient a lethal injection for humane reasons (Pojman 1). The same result comes from both decisions, and if the same result is intended in both cases than morally there is no difference. Therefore by following Rachels argument it can be said that active euthanasia is not morally any worse than passive euthanasia.
In support of the moral rightness of euthanasia, Larry Larson points out that oftentimes the way we treat our aged and loved animals is better than we treat our aged and loved human beings (18). He furthers this analogy by making the following comparison
Having worked in a variety of medical settings, I have seen countless people suffer hideous deaths from illnesses like cancer, aids, cirrhosis, and end stage pulmonary disease. A dying animal is quickly “put out of its misery,” but no such consideration is offered to the terminally ill human (16).
A final point to be made is, just as there is a moral obligation to carry out a person’s wishes for disposal of his body and possessions after death, it would seem to be equally morally obligatory to respect his wishes in case he finds himself in vegetative state.
One of strongest arguments against euthanasia is the argument that there is the risk of an incorrect diagnosis. Yale Kamisar is one of the leading advocates against the legalization of euthanasia. He argues that by giving the medical practitioner wide discretion and trusting to his good sense is dangerous. “This, I submit, raises too great a risk of abuse and mistake to warrant a change in the existing law” (Pojman 177).
However, as seen with “The Death with Dignity Act” in Oregon, there is actually many safeguards to ensure there is no mistake when a person is euphemized. In 15 Oregon devised its own guidelines regarding assisted suicide.
1. The patient must be at least 18, terminally ill (having less than 6 months to live), and an Oregon resident.
. The patient must voluntarily make an oral request to the attending medical/osteopathic physician for a prescription for medication to end his or her life. A 15-day waiting period then begins.
. The attending physician ensures the patient understands the diagnosis and prognosis. The patient is informed of all options, including pain control, hospice care, and comfort care, as well as the risks and expected results of taking the medication.
4. The attending physician (a) determines whether the patient is capable of making health care decisions and is acting voluntarily; (b) encourages the patient to notify his or her next of kin; (c) informs the patient that he or she can withdraw the request for medication at any time and in any manner; and (d) refers the patient to a consulting physician who is asked to confirm the attending physician’s diagnosis and prognosis.
5. The consulting physician also decides whether the patient is capable of making the decision and is acting voluntarily. If either or both physicians believe that the patient is suffering from psychiatric illness or depression that causes impaired judgment, the patient will be referred for counseling.
6. Once the preceding steps have been satisfied, the patient voluntarily signs a written request witnessed by two people. At least on witness cannot be a relative or an heir of the patient.
7. The patient then makes a second oral request to the attending physician for medication to end his or her life.
8. The attending physician again informs the patient that he or she can withdraw the request for medication at any time and in any manner.
. No sooner those 15 days after the first oral request an 48 hours after the written request, the patient may receive a prescription to end his or her life. The attending physician again verifies at this time that the patient is making an informed decision (Pojman 4).
The Death with Dignity Law shows how through legislation, Oregon has taken steps to ensure there will be no mistakes in diagnosis when it comes to terminating a patients life. Although this is not the greatest remedy for the terminally ill, it is a start to dealing with the issue of euthanasia in a socially responsible manner. Also just because a practice can be abused does not mean that it will, or even that it should not be used at all. Like anything else in the field of medicine abuse can be a problem. However, euthanasia must be thought of as remedy. Similarly to the way penicillin is used to cure bacterial infections, euthanasia has to be accepted in society as a cure for the terminally ill who are suffering terribly.
Many advocates who fight against euthanasia argue that active euthanasia is “playing god and violates the sanctity of life” (Pojman 8). Many of these advocates feel that only god is allowed to take an innocent life. But if this rational is held than by prolonging life with life support medical practitioners are playing god. Taking antibiotics to cure bacterial infections, taking medicine to slow down the Aids virus, and even feeding the starving can all be seen as acts of playing god. If playing god means doing what will affect the chances of life and death, a lot of responsible social action does that (Pojman 8). We take life in self-defense and war, so why not in the self-defense against torture or great and irreversible suffering (8)?
Today, many people regard euthanasia as a dirty word. However, the root idea is that in euthanasia one undergoes a good death instead of a lingering and painful one. James Podgers argues in favor of euthanasia “Life is sacred, and death is a natural part of life. But just because life is sacred does not mean that death has to be feared, painful, or prolonged” (6). As long as society denies the need for its members to act in a socially responsible manner toward euthanasia, people will continue living life in a fearful existence. Once we accept that there is a medical, legal, and moral need for society to recognize the rights of terminally ill patients, or their representatives, society will have a better outlook on life and death. Works Cited
Brandt, Richard. “Is Euthanasia Immoral?” Taking Sides; Clashing Views on Controversial Moral Issues. Ed. Stephen Satris. Boston Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc., 10.
Brennan, William J., and William Rehnquist. “Can States Restrict the Right to Die?” Taking Sides; Clashing Views on Controversial Legal Issues. Ed. Ethan M. Katsh. New York Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc., 11.
Callahan, Daniel. “When Self-Determination Runs Amok.” Hastings Center Report Mar.-Apr. 1 5-55.
Kamisar, Yale. “Against Legalizing Euthanasia.” Minnesota Law Review 4 6 (May 158). Life and Death. Pojman, Louis P. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Publishing Company, 000.
Larson, Larry, and Alan L. Otten. “Euthanasia is Justified.” Death and Dying. Ed. Janelle Rohr. Minnesota Greenhaven Press, 187.
Podgers, James. “Matters of Life and Death.” ABA Journal, 78 May 1 60-6
Rachels, James. “Active and Passive Euthanasia.” The New England Journal of Medicine (175). Life and Death. Pojman, Louis P. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Publishing Company, 000.
Mind that the sample papers like Euthanasia presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Euthanasia
Every society is faced with many issues that require sensitivity and understanding. One such issue is the debate over euthanasia, the practice of mercy killing. The need for society to act in a socially responsible manner of this moral issue is critical. Euthanasia is literally a life or death question, creating strong feelings on all sides. That is why there are medical, legal, and moral needs in the United States for society to recognize the right of terminally ill patients or their representatives to direct medical caretakers to withdraw or withhold life sustaining treatment.
There are several medical arguments to be made in favor of euthanasia. In the past, euthanasia was not as open to public debate. This was mostly due to the fact that many terminally ill patients died in their homes without making the public knowledgeable of how their deaths took place. However, as more people move from dying in their homes to dying in hospital beds, doctors become armed with the medical knowledge and technology to prolong a dying person’s life. For this reason, the euthanasia issue is receiving considerable attention in the world of modern medicine.
There are two forms of euthanasia. One being passive euthanasia, where treatment is withheld and the patient is simply allowed to die. The second being active euthanasia and for the sake of the arguments presented in this paper, active euthanasia will be defined as taking some direct action to end a patient’s life. This form of euthanasia is currently illegal in the U.S. except in Oregon. In Oregon there is what is known as the, “Death with Dignity Act,” where a patient can choose to terminate their own life.
According to hospital administrator Larry Larson, “American Medicine is supposed to operate in the best interest of the patient, and by prolonging a life of incurable wretchedness turns that standard upside down” (1). Larson also points out that death is inevitable and because of this, the medical profession should offer a “quick and merciful” medical option to end the life of a dying patient (16). In other words if death is an inevitable product of life, then why should the terminally ill be forced to continue living an existence that does not offer them the qualities that distinguish a vital and functional being from a dead body or inanimate object? Furthermore, Dr. Christian Barnard states, “I believe often that death is a good medical treatment because it can achieve what all the medical advances and technology cannot achieve today, and that is to stop the suffering of the patient (Larson 16).
There is the classic example presented by James Rachels. The patient is dying of incurable cancer and he is experiencing terrible pain, which can no longer be alleviated. He will die within a few days, and the pain is unbearable. So he asks the doctor to end it, and his family agrees with his decision. If the doctor went with the passive form of euthanasia, and agreed to withhold treatment as the current doctrine says he may. However, if the treatment is withheld it may take the patient longer to die and he would suffer more than if direct action were taken. This shows that, once the decision has been made not to prolong his agony, active euthanasia would be preferable to passive euthanasia. To say otherwise would endorse the option that leads to more suffering rather than less (Pojman).
These statements suggest that the physician’s primary goal should be relieving pain and suffering. Yet due to medical technology, as many as 10,000 patients are kept alive through life-sustaining medical treatment (Brennan 6). In order for this situation to change, society must hold the beliefs of medical professional, such as Dr. Bernard, to be true in order for there to be a universal acceptance of the need for medical caretakers to provide relief from pain and suffering.
In addition to sound medical reasons to support active euthanasia, there are also cogent legal issues to support it. Today, it is common for social issues to originate in the courts. For this reason, the legal system--our courts as well as legislatures--is determined to play an active role in deciding the outcomes of the debate over euthanasia. As lawyer James Podgers notes, “News media coverage of decisions in key cases triggers public debate that evolves into consensus, translating finally into legislative action” (60). As long as the courts are destined to decide the fate of our lives, it is important for society to be aware of the legal principles involved with euthanasia.
Central to most arguments for euthanasia is the principle of self-determination. As suggested by critic Daniel Callahan, people are presumed to have an interest in deciding for themselves how they will conduct their lives (5). Just as we have the right to choose our lifestyles, we should also hold the right to decide whether we should continue to live or die. Such a decision can be reached by rationally evaluating the benefits of continued living against the suffering involved. In doing so, we have preserved our own basic right as individuals to direct our lives according to our own principles and morals.
Unfortunately today the involvement of the legal system makes it more difficult for our own wishes to be carried out. Supreme Court Justice William Brennan emphasizes this struggle by stating, “When the courts decide a persons own evaluation of the dying process, they have ignored her values and deprive her of the right to a decision” (6). In addition, Rev. John Paris effectively stresses the need for a person’s self-determination to be respected in regard to the dying process, “In our determination to prolong life at any cost, we have forgotten that dying is a part of the process of living.” These people’s bodies are telling them there really is no purpose in going on, and yet we make them go on. (Larson 18).
In discussing the need for euthanasia, we must consider the moral arguments that society faces today. To begin with, society must distinguish between the act of killing an innocent person and that of euthanasia. Moral philosopher, Richard Brandt, argues that killing human beings ordinarily injures them and violates their preferences. In cases of euthanasia, when both of these conditions are lacking, the killing could be allowable” (4). Richard Brandt also feels that if we are no longer able to be injured we are free to withdraw life sustaining measures while taking positive steps to terminate life; he feels we are morally bound to do this ().
The fact that one person kills another does not automatically make euthanasia wrong. James Rachels is a professor of philosophy at the University of Alabama. He argues that killing someone is not morally worse than letting someone die. If a doctor lets a person die for humane reasons, he is in the same moral position as if he had given the patient a lethal injection for humane reasons (Pojman 1). The same result comes from both decisions, and if the same result is intended in both cases than morally there is no difference. Therefore by following Rachels argument it can be said that active euthanasia is not morally any worse than passive euthanasia.
In support of the moral rightness of euthanasia, Larry Larson points out that oftentimes the way we treat our aged and loved animals is better than we treat our aged and loved human beings (18). He furthers this analogy by making the following comparison
Having worked in a variety of medical settings, I have seen countless people suffer hideous deaths from illnesses like cancer, aids, cirrhosis, and end stage pulmonary disease. A dying animal is quickly “put out of its misery,” but no such consideration is offered to the terminally ill human (16).
A final point to be made is, just as there is a moral obligation to carry out a person’s wishes for disposal of his body and possessions after death, it would seem to be equally morally obligatory to respect his wishes in case he finds himself in vegetative state.
One of strongest arguments against euthanasia is the argument that there is the risk of an incorrect diagnosis. Yale Kamisar is one of the leading advocates against the legalization of euthanasia. He argues that by giving the medical practitioner wide discretion and trusting to his good sense is dangerous. “This, I submit, raises too great a risk of abuse and mistake to warrant a change in the existing law” (Pojman 177).
However, as seen with “The Death with Dignity Act” in Oregon, there is actually many safeguards to ensure there is no mistake when a person is euphemized. In 15 Oregon devised its own guidelines regarding assisted suicide.
1. The patient must be at least 18, terminally ill (having less than 6 months to live), and an Oregon resident.
. The patient must voluntarily make an oral request to the attending medical/osteopathic physician for a prescription for medication to end his or her life. A 15-day waiting period then begins.
. The attending physician ensures the patient understands the diagnosis and prognosis. The patient is informed of all options, including pain control, hospice care, and comfort care, as well as the risks and expected results of taking the medication.
4. The attending physician (a) determines whether the patient is capable of making health care decisions and is acting voluntarily; (b) encourages the patient to notify his or her next of kin; (c) informs the patient that he or she can withdraw the request for medication at any time and in any manner; and (d) refers the patient to a consulting physician who is asked to confirm the attending physician’s diagnosis and prognosis.
5. The consulting physician also decides whether the patient is capable of making the decision and is acting voluntarily. If either or both physicians believe that the patient is suffering from psychiatric illness or depression that causes impaired judgment, the patient will be referred for counseling.
6. Once the preceding steps have been satisfied, the patient voluntarily signs a written request witnessed by two people. At least on witness cannot be a relative or an heir of the patient.
7. The patient then makes a second oral request to the attending physician for medication to end his or her life.
8. The attending physician again informs the patient that he or she can withdraw the request for medication at any time and in any manner.
. No sooner those 15 days after the first oral request an 48 hours after the written request, the patient may receive a prescription to end his or her life. The attending physician again verifies at this time that the patient is making an informed decision (Pojman 4).
The Death with Dignity Law shows how through legislation, Oregon has taken steps to ensure there will be no mistakes in diagnosis when it comes to terminating a patients life. Although this is not the greatest remedy for the terminally ill, it is a start to dealing with the issue of euthanasia in a socially responsible manner. Also just because a practice can be abused does not mean that it will, or even that it should not be used at all. Like anything else in the field of medicine abuse can be a problem. However, euthanasia must be thought of as remedy. Similarly to the way penicillin is used to cure bacterial infections, euthanasia has to be accepted in society as a cure for the terminally ill who are suffering terribly.
Many advocates who fight against euthanasia argue that active euthanasia is “playing god and violates the sanctity of life” (Pojman 8). Many of these advocates feel that only god is allowed to take an innocent life. But if this rational is held than by prolonging life with life support medical practitioners are playing god. Taking antibiotics to cure bacterial infections, taking medicine to slow down the Aids virus, and even feeding the starving can all be seen as acts of playing god. If playing god means doing what will affect the chances of life and death, a lot of responsible social action does that (Pojman 8). We take life in self-defense and war, so why not in the self-defense against torture or great and irreversible suffering (8)?
Today, many people regard euthanasia as a dirty word. However, the root idea is that in euthanasia one undergoes a good death instead of a lingering and painful one. James Podgers argues in favor of euthanasia “Life is sacred, and death is a natural part of life. But just because life is sacred does not mean that death has to be feared, painful, or prolonged” (6). As long as society denies the need for its members to act in a socially responsible manner toward euthanasia, people will continue living life in a fearful existence. Once we accept that there is a medical, legal, and moral need for society to recognize the rights of terminally ill patients, or their representatives, society will have a better outlook on life and death. Works Cited
Brandt, Richard. “Is Euthanasia Immoral?” Taking Sides; Clashing Views on Controversial Moral Issues. Ed. Stephen Satris. Boston Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc., 10.
Brennan, William J., and William Rehnquist. “Can States Restrict the Right to Die?” Taking Sides; Clashing Views on Controversial Legal Issues. Ed. Ethan M. Katsh. New York Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc., 11.
Callahan, Daniel. “When Self-Determination Runs Amok.” Hastings Center Report Mar.-Apr. 1 5-55.
Kamisar, Yale. “Against Legalizing Euthanasia.” Minnesota Law Review 4 6 (May 158). Life and Death. Pojman, Louis P. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Publishing Company, 000.
Larson, Larry, and Alan L. Otten. “Euthanasia is Justified.” Death and Dying. Ed. Janelle Rohr. Minnesota Greenhaven Press, 187.
Podgers, James. “Matters of Life and Death.” ABA Journal, 78 May 1 60-6
Rachels, James. “Active and Passive Euthanasia.” The New England Journal of Medicine (175). Life and Death. Pojman, Louis P. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Publishing Company, 000.
Mind that the sample papers like Euthanasia presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
english essay
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like english essay even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like english essay in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
I thank god he sent you to me,
For you and I were meant to be,
We have a bond too strong to break,
We have love no one can take.
Every time I see you my heart skips a beat,
You make me life complete,
Through 7 months which feels like 7 years,
We’ve through everything some good some bad,
Most things made us happy,
Others made us sad.
But no matter what happens,
From our tears to mistakes,
We’ll be there for one another,
To mend a heart before it breaks.
I can always count on you to be there
There is no law that requires companies to test their personal care and household on products before selling them to customers. Why don’t all companies go cruelty free the two of why this happens is the fear of human safety and the fear of product liability suits. The true animal rights that’s supported is “replacement” of animals used in testing, refinement and reduction is still spoken as morally wrong.
Revlon was the first and largest company in cosmetics such as toiletry, the soap and Detergent Association started their own programs for alternative to save the animals. But as time goes by keep in mind the
It is an important role played by the law to adapt to change and deal with conflicting attitudes towards the law. To have our society run efficiently you need change in the law because as time goes past things change.
A law that has changed is the family law act involving divorce. Before 175 there was 14 grounds for divorce and in 11 of them fault had to be proved. The four most common were; desertion, adultery, cruelty and separation more than 5years. This law was not running smoothly and was making conflict for the people and the courts. In 175 the commonwealth family la act was passed, which made the only grounds for divorce the irretrievable breakdown of marriage the law was changed to alleviate some of the suffering and sometimes bitter events which accompanied the previous law where the guilt of one party had to be established. Fighting in court to prove blame often turned couples into the bitterest of enemies. The evidence from this breakdown is a separation of 1 months without the prospect of reconciliation. At the end of the 1-month period, either party can initiate divorce proceedings.
Another conflict that occurred in the law that needed to be changed was the conditions in same sex-couples. For e.g. If you were together with your partner and shared a house and belongings with and you were not in the will and your partner died you would not get the same treatment as De facto relationships, even if you were with your partner for a number of years. This was a problem and the law had to change and become more appropriate as same sex-couples are becoming more popular and the courts did not want to discriminate against homosexuals.
As I have studied these topics in class I have realized that you need to adapt to change in the law. There are always people that will not agree with laws and sometimes it is necessary to make amendments to laws. If we didn’t make changes to laws peoples attitude towards the law wouldn’t be positive and you would get more people disobeying the law. To make a successful law you need the law to also be fair so you get peoples attitudes positive rather than negative. Just like the amendment in divorce more people would rather the 1 month separation then have to prove as a result people’s attitudes towards the law becomes positive.
Mind that the sample papers like english essay presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
I thank god he sent you to me,
For you and I were meant to be,
We have a bond too strong to break,
We have love no one can take.
Every time I see you my heart skips a beat,
You make me life complete,
Through 7 months which feels like 7 years,
We’ve through everything some good some bad,
Most things made us happy,
Others made us sad.
But no matter what happens,
From our tears to mistakes,
We’ll be there for one another,
To mend a heart before it breaks.
I can always count on you to be there
There is no law that requires companies to test their personal care and household on products before selling them to customers. Why don’t all companies go cruelty free the two of why this happens is the fear of human safety and the fear of product liability suits. The true animal rights that’s supported is “replacement” of animals used in testing, refinement and reduction is still spoken as morally wrong.
Revlon was the first and largest company in cosmetics such as toiletry, the soap and Detergent Association started their own programs for alternative to save the animals. But as time goes by keep in mind the
It is an important role played by the law to adapt to change and deal with conflicting attitudes towards the law. To have our society run efficiently you need change in the law because as time goes past things change.
A law that has changed is the family law act involving divorce. Before 175 there was 14 grounds for divorce and in 11 of them fault had to be proved. The four most common were; desertion, adultery, cruelty and separation more than 5years. This law was not running smoothly and was making conflict for the people and the courts. In 175 the commonwealth family la act was passed, which made the only grounds for divorce the irretrievable breakdown of marriage the law was changed to alleviate some of the suffering and sometimes bitter events which accompanied the previous law where the guilt of one party had to be established. Fighting in court to prove blame often turned couples into the bitterest of enemies. The evidence from this breakdown is a separation of 1 months without the prospect of reconciliation. At the end of the 1-month period, either party can initiate divorce proceedings.
Another conflict that occurred in the law that needed to be changed was the conditions in same sex-couples. For e.g. If you were together with your partner and shared a house and belongings with and you were not in the will and your partner died you would not get the same treatment as De facto relationships, even if you were with your partner for a number of years. This was a problem and the law had to change and become more appropriate as same sex-couples are becoming more popular and the courts did not want to discriminate against homosexuals.
As I have studied these topics in class I have realized that you need to adapt to change in the law. There are always people that will not agree with laws and sometimes it is necessary to make amendments to laws. If we didn’t make changes to laws peoples attitude towards the law wouldn’t be positive and you would get more people disobeying the law. To make a successful law you need the law to also be fair so you get peoples attitudes positive rather than negative. Just like the amendment in divorce more people would rather the 1 month separation then have to prove as a result people’s attitudes towards the law becomes positive.
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