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Panic Attacks
There are many opinions and theries concerning anxiety and panic
attacks. Some believe panic attacks are caused by a persons inability
Do my coursework
to live the life they dream of, while others believe they are caused by
deep rooted fear based memories that we dont want to deal with. There
are as many opinions as there are experts. I believe the true experts
are the people who experience this dread called panic attacks.
Everyone experiences some form of anxiety in their life, however, not
everyone experiences this intense feeling of a life threating anxiety
called panic attacks. In the Oxford Dictionary of Psychology, panic
attacks are described as a period during which there is a sudden onset
of intense terror, fear, or apprehension, accompanied by signs and
symptoms such as a feeling of impending doom, a fear of going insane,
shortness of breath, a choking sensation, increased heart rate and
palpitations, chest pain or discomfort, dizziness, trembling, sweating,
and nauseas. This description is right on target because it includes most
if not all the symptoms that people have described to their doctors over
the years. I chose this topic because I have first hand experience of
panic attacks which are for the most part under control. I have also had
family and friends that have suffered with them for years, so I can
vouch for the Oxford definition.
Robert Gerzon, author of Finding Serenity in the age of anxiety.
claims that we all should be anxious because it is a good thing. Gerzon
feels that the problem is not anxiety, but that were just not anxious
about the right things. For example, we are anxious about finding a
parking space but not that anxious about finding solutions for
social injustice. This is among the more radical viewpoints. A more
mainstream viewpoint is that of Joseph LeDoux. In his book The
Emotional Brain LeDoux calls anxiety a brooding fear of what
might happen, he also relates panic attacks to other disorders such
as post-traumatic stress disorder, which used to be called shell shock
and veterans of war were stricken with this disorder now we have
found out that woman who have been raped or anyone that has
experienced something traumatic such as /11 can have a problem with
this disorder. Like panic attacks anything can set off an attack like a
loud noise.
The experience of a panic attack is similar to the fear evoked when
a person faces a life threating or dangerous situation in which personal
security is jeopardized, except that there is no apparent external
threat. Intense feelings arise during a panic attack, often along with the
impulse to flee that characterizes the fight or flight response. There
is no way of knowing for sure whether panic attacks and regular fear
are connected but some evidence suggest that panic has unique features
that distinguish it from ordinary fear, such as prominent respiratory
symptoms, including sensations of smothering that are rarely
experienced during fear in life- threating situations.
Many researchers agree that panic attacks are maintained by a fear
of fear concept. One such researcher is Walter Menninger M.D.
author of Coping with Anxiety in which he is of the opinion that the
original or first panic attack a person has is so confusing and intense
that the fear of having another one is indeed what causes the next. So on
and so on until the victim is caught up in a vicious cycle. I can tell you
from experience that the fear of fear concept is very real.
Over the years many famous people have commented on anxiety and
opinions differ as to the benefits of anxiety and the drawbacks.
Perception seems to play a major role in the forming of some of these
opinions. Sigmund Freud had this to say about the problem of anxiety,
Its a nodal point, linking up all kinds of most important questions, a
riddle, of which the solution must cast a flood of light upon our whole
mental life. Ralph Waldo Emerson had a deeper reflection, fear is an
instructor of great saqacity. Even Jesus had something to say about
anxiety, let one who seeks not stop seeking until one finds. when one
finds, one will become anxious. When one is anxious, one will be awe
struck and will enter the kingdom.
The exact cause of panic disorder is unknown. There is a clear influence
of heredity. There may be a temporal lobe dysfunction, or the disorder
may develop as a persistent pattern of maladaptive behavior acquired
by learning. Stimulants. Cocaine, Caffeine, Nicotine, or alcohol may
induce or worsen the symptoms. People with this disorder often undergo
medical evaluations for symptoms related to or other medical
conditions before the diagnosis of panic disorder is made. Attacks may
last from minutes to hours. An affected person often lives in fear of
another attack and may be reluctant to be alone or far from medical
assistance. There is a familial tendency, with age of onset before 5
years old. It occurs more often in women than men. Approximately %
of the population is affected. Panic disorder can occur in children, but
is often not recognized. Anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants
have been successfully used to treat panic disorders. These medications
act on the central nervous system to reduce the feeling of anxiety and
associated symptoms. A common class of anti-anxiety medications are
the benzodiazepines. However, benzodiazepines are associated with
dependence. Such as Valium, and Ativan. Behavioral therapies that
may be used in conjunction with drug therapy include relaxation
techniques, pleasant mental imagery, and cognitive restructuring.
Psychological counseling and therapy techniques may be helpful.
The disorder may be long-standing and difficult to treat. Although
many with this disorder may not be cured with treatment, many can
expect improvement with drug or behavioral therapy.
I believe the truth depends on the individual, some people need to
stay on anti- depressants all their lives, while others are better off
fighting the attacks and learning how deal with them. I also, believe
that is history there were a lot more dangers that do not exist anymore
but our bodies still has a need to react to them so it does even though the
original danger is no where to be found.
Reference
Oxford Dictionary of Psychology
Andrew M. Colman 001
Woman and Anxiety
Helen DeRosis, M.D. 18
Finding Serenity in the Age of Anxiety
Robert Gerzon 1
The Emotional Brain
Joseph LeDoux 18
Coping With Anxiety
Walter Menninger, M.D. 17
The A.M.A on the web.
Panic Attacks
There are many opinions and theries concerning anxiety and panic
attacks. Some believe panic attacks are caused by a persons inability
to live the life they dream of, while others believe they are caused by
deep rooted fear based memories that we dont want to deal with. There
are as many opinions as there are experts. I believe the true experts
are the people who experience this dread called panic attacks.
Everyone experiences some form of anxiety in their life, however, not
everyone experiences this intense feeling of a life threating anxiety
called panic attacks. In the Oxford Dictionary of Psychology, panic
attacks are described as a period during which there is a sudden onset
of intense terror, fear, or apprehension, accompanied by signs and
symptoms such as a feeling of impending doom, a fear of going insane,
shortness of breath, a choking sensation, increased heart rate and
palpitations, chest pain or discomfort, dizziness, trembling, sweating,
and nauseas. This description is right on target because it includes most
if not all the symptoms that people have described to their doctors over
the years. I chose this topic because I have first hand experience of
panic attacks which are for the most part under control. I have also had
family and friends that have suffered with them for years, so I can
vouch for the Oxford definition.
Robert Gerzon, author of Finding Serenity in the age of anxiety.
claims that we all should be anxious because it is a good thing. Gerzon
feels that the problem is not anxiety, but that were just not anxious
about the right things. For example, we are anxious about finding a
parking space but not that anxious about finding solutions for
social injustice. This is among the more radical viewpoints. A more
mainstream viewpoint is that of Joseph LeDoux. In his book The
Emotional Brain LeDoux calls anxiety a brooding fear of what
might happen, he also relates panic attacks to other disorders such
as post-traumatic stress disorder, which used to be called shell shock
and veterans of war were stricken with this disorder now we have
found out that woman who have been raped or anyone that has
experienced something traumatic such as /11 can have a problem with
this disorder. Like panic attacks anything can set off an attack like a
loud noise.
The experience of a panic attack is similar to the fear evoked when
a person faces a life threating or dangerous situation in which personal
security is jeopardized, except that there is no apparent external
threat. Intense feelings arise during a panic attack, often along with the
impulse to flee that characterizes the fight or flight response. There
is no way of knowing for sure whether panic attacks and regular fear
are connected but some evidence suggest that panic has unique features
that distinguish it from ordinary fear, such as prominent respiratory
symptoms, including sensations of smothering that are rarely
experienced during fear in life- threating situations.
Many researchers agree that panic attacks are maintained by a fear
of fear concept. One such researcher is Walter Menninger M.D.
author of Coping with Anxiety in which he is of the opinion that the
original or first panic attack a person has is so confusing and intense
that the fear of having another one is indeed what causes the next. So on
and so on until the victim is caught up in a vicious cycle. I can tell you
from experience that the fear of fear concept is very real.
Over the years many famous people have commented on anxiety and
opinions differ as to the benefits of anxiety and the drawbacks.
Perception seems to play a major role in the forming of some of these
opinions. Sigmund Freud had this to say about the problem of anxiety,
Its a nodal point, linking up all kinds of most important questions, a
riddle, of which the solution must cast a flood of light upon our whole
mental life. Ralph Waldo Emerson had a deeper reflection, fear is an
instructor of great saqacity. Even Jesus had something to say about
anxiety, let one who seeks not stop seeking until one finds. when one
finds, one will become anxious. When one is anxious, one will be awe
struck and will enter the kingdom.
The exact cause of panic disorder is unknown. There is a clear influence
of heredity. There may be a temporal lobe dysfunction, or the disorder
may develop as a persistent pattern of maladaptive behavior acquired
by learning. Stimulants. Cocaine, Caffeine, Nicotine, or alcohol may
induce or worsen the symptoms. People with this disorder often undergo
medical evaluations for symptoms related to or other medical
conditions before the diagnosis of panic disorder is made. Attacks may
last from minutes to hours. An affected person often lives in fear of
another attack and may be reluctant to be alone or far from medical
assistance. There is a familial tendency, with age of onset before 5
years old. It occurs more often in women than men. Approximately %
of the population is affected. Panic disorder can occur in children, but
is often not recognized. Anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants
have been successfully used to treat panic disorders. These medications
act on the central nervous system to reduce the feeling of anxiety and
associated symptoms. A common class of anti-anxiety medications are
the benzodiazepines. However, benzodiazepines are associated with
dependence. Such as Valium, and Ativan. Behavioral therapies that
may be used in conjunction with drug therapy include relaxation
techniques, pleasant mental imagery, and cognitive restructuring.
Psychological counseling and therapy techniques may be helpful.
The disorder may be long-standing and difficult to treat. Although
many with this disorder may not be cured with treatment, many can
expect improvement with drug or behavioral therapy.
I believe the truth depends on the individual, some people need to
stay on anti- depressants all their lives, while others are better off
fighting the attacks and learning how deal with them. I also, believe
that is history there were a lot more dangers that do not exist anymore
but our bodies still has a need to react to them so it does even though the
original danger is no where to be found.
Reference
Oxford Dictionary of Psychology
Andrew M. Colman 001
Woman and Anxiety
Helen DeRosis, M.D. 18
Finding Serenity in the Age of Anxiety
Robert Gerzon 1
The Emotional Brain
Joseph LeDoux 18
Coping With Anxiety
Walter Menninger, M.D. 17
The A.M.A on the web.
Panic Attacks
There are many opinions and theries concerning anxiety and panic
attacks. Some believe panic attacks are caused by a persons inability
to live the life they dream of, while others believe they are caused by
deep rooted fear based memories that we dont want to deal with. There
are as many opinions as there are experts. I believe the true experts
are the people who experience this dread called panic attacks.
Everyone experiences some form of anxiety in their life, however, not
everyone experiences this intense feeling of a life threating anxiety
called panic attacks. In the Oxford Dictionary of Psychology, panic
attacks are described as a period during which there is a sudden onset
of intense terror, fear, or apprehension, accompanied by signs and
symptoms such as a feeling of impending doom, a fear of going insane,
shortness of breath, a choking sensation, increased heart rate and
palpitations, chest pain or discomfort, dizziness, trembling, sweating,
and nauseas. This description is right on target because it includes most
if not all the symptoms that people have described to their doctors over
the years. I chose this topic because I have first hand experience of
panic attacks which are for the most part under control. I have also had
family and friends that have suffered with them for years, so I can
vouch for the Oxford definition.
Robert Gerzon, author of Finding Serenity in the age of anxiety.
claims that we all should be anxious because it is a good thing. Gerzon
feels that the problem is not anxiety, but that were just not anxious
about the right things. For example, we are anxious about finding a
parking space but not that anxious about finding solutions for
social injustice. This is among the more radical viewpoints. A more
mainstream viewpoint is that of Joseph LeDoux. In his book The
Emotional Brain LeDoux calls anxiety a brooding fear of what
might happen, he also relates panic attacks to other disorders such
as post-traumatic stress disorder, which used to be called shell shock
and veterans of war were stricken with this disorder now we have
found out that woman who have been raped or anyone that has
experienced something traumatic such as /11 can have a problem with
this disorder. Like panic attacks anything can set off an attack like a
loud noise.
The experience of a panic attack is similar to the fear evoked when
a person faces a life threating or dangerous situation in which personal
security is jeopardized, except that there is no apparent external
threat. Intense feelings arise during a panic attack, often along with the
impulse to flee that characterizes the fight or flight response. There
is no way of knowing for sure whether panic attacks and regular fear
are connected but some evidence suggest that panic has unique features
that distinguish it from ordinary fear, such as prominent respiratory
symptoms, including sensations of smothering that are rarely
experienced during fear in life- threating situations.
Many researchers agree that panic attacks are maintained by a fear
of fear concept. One such researcher is Walter Menninger M.D.
author of Coping with Anxiety in which he is of the opinion that the
original or first panic attack a person has is so confusing and intense
that the fear of having another one is indeed what causes the next. So on
and so on until the victim is caught up in a vicious cycle. I can tell you
from experience that the fear of fear concept is very real.
Over the years many famous people have commented on anxiety and
opinions differ as to the benefits of anxiety and the drawbacks.
Perception seems to play a major role in the forming of some of these
opinions. Sigmund Freud had this to say about the problem of anxiety,
Its a nodal point, linking up all kinds of most important questions, a
riddle, of which the solution must cast a flood of light upon our whole
mental life. Ralph Waldo Emerson had a deeper reflection, fear is an
instructor of great saqacity. Even Jesus had something to say about
anxiety, let one who seeks not stop seeking until one finds. when one
finds, one will become anxious. When one is anxious, one will be awe
struck and will enter the kingdom.
The exact cause of panic disorder is unknown. There is a clear influence
of heredity. There may be a temporal lobe dysfunction, or the disorder
may develop as a persistent pattern of maladaptive behavior acquired
by learning. Stimulants. Cocaine, Caffeine, Nicotine, or alcohol may
induce or worsen the symptoms. People with this disorder often undergo
medical evaluations for symptoms related to or other medical
conditions before the diagnosis of panic disorder is made. Attacks may
last from minutes to hours. An affected person often lives in fear of
another attack and may be reluctant to be alone or far from medical
assistance. There is a familial tendency, with age of onset before 5
years old. It occurs more often in women than men. Approximately %
of the population is affected. Panic disorder can occur in children, but
is often not recognized. Anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants
have been successfully used to treat panic disorders. These medications
act on the central nervous system to reduce the feeling of anxiety and
associated symptoms. A common class of anti-anxiety medications are
the benzodiazepines. However, benzodiazepines are associated with
dependence. Such as Valium, and Ativan. Behavioral therapies that
may be used in conjunction with drug therapy include relaxation
techniques, pleasant mental imagery, and cognitive restructuring.
Psychological counseling and therapy techniques may be helpful.
The disorder may be long-standing and difficult to treat. Although
many with this disorder may not be cured with treatment, many can
expect improvement with drug or behavioral therapy.
I believe the truth depends on the individual, some people need to
stay on anti- depressants all their lives, while others are better off
fighting the attacks and learning how deal with them. I also, believe
that is history there were a lot more dangers that do not exist anymore
but our bodies still has a need to react to them so it does even though the
original danger is no where to be found.
Reference
Oxford Dictionary of Psychology
Andrew M. Colman 001
Woman and Anxiety
Helen DeRosis, M.D. 18
Finding Serenity in the Age of Anxiety
Robert Gerzon 1
The Emotional Brain
Joseph LeDoux 18
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